Trial reportPain2006
Adjunctive self-hypnotic relaxation for outpatient medical procedures: a prospective randomized trial with women undergoing large core breast biopsy.
Trial report in Pain, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Self Hypnotic Relaxation As An Adjunct To Local Anesthesia During Large Core Breast Biopsy
The Impact of Comfort Talk on Anxiety Levels and Procedural Experience in a Pediatric Population Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Prospective, Randomized Study Aiming to Assess the Benefit of Autohypnosis Learning in the Care of Patients Treated by Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colorectal or Breast Cancer.
Nonpharmacologic Reduction of Periprocedural Pain, Anxiety, and Prescription Drug Use Phase II
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 235 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patients' Experience to MRI Examinations-A Systematic Qualitative Review With Meta-Synthesis.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Pooled it
- Multidimensional Treatment of Cancer Pain.Current oncology reports · 2017Pooled it
- The Efficacy, Safety and Applications of Medical Hypnosis.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2016Pooled it
- Hypnosis for Symptom Control in Cancer Patients at the End-of-Life: A Systematic Review.The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosisPooled it
- Impact of loving-kindness meditation intervention vs. music intervention during biopsy on adherence to recommended breast cancer screening.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Trial
- Therapeutic communication improves patient comfort during venipuncture in children: a single-blinded intervention study.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of Hypnosis for the Prevention of Anxiety During Coronary Angiography (HYPCOR study): a prospective randomized study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Trial
- Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Brief Mindfulness Meditation for Women Undergoing Stereotactic Breast Biopsy.Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2019Trial
- Randomized Controlled Trial of Brief Mindfulness Training and Hypnotic Suggestion for Acute Pain Relief in the Hospital Setting.Journal of general internal medicine · 2017Trial
- Reduction of claustrophobia with short-bore versus open magnetic resonance imaging: a randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Mediators of a brief hypnosis intervention to control side effects in breast surgery patients: response expectancies and emotional distress.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2010Trial
- The effects of a presurgical stress management intervention for men with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2009Trial
- Beneficial effects of hypnosis and adverse effects of empathic attention during percutaneous tumor treatment: when being nice does not suffice.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2008Trial
- Efficacy of a Self-Hypnotic Relaxation App on Pain and Anxiety in a Randomized Clinical Trial: Results and Considerations on the Design of Active and Control Apps.The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosisTrial
- Anxiety Reduction Among Breast-Cancer Survivors Receiving Hypnotic Relaxation Therapy for Hot Flashes.The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosisTrial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Hypnosis to Manage Musculoskeletal Pain in Breast Cancer Survivors Taking Aromatase Inhibitors.Psychology of consciousness (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- A 20-Minute Mindful Jazz Intervention Decreased Chronic Pain Patients' Pain and Anxiety 4 Weeks Later: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-guided kidney biopsy: a ten-year retrospective single-center experience and the promising role of clinical hypnosis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Is there a role for hypnosis in palliative care?Palliative care and social practice · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Medical procedures in outpatient settings have limited options of managing pain and anxiety pharmacologically. We therefore assessed whether this can be achieved by adjunct self-hypnotic relaxation in a common and particularly anxiety provoking procedure. Two hundred and thirty-six women referred for large core needle breast biopsy to an urban tertiary university-affiliated medical center were prospectively randomized to receive standard care (n=76), structured empathic attention (n=82), or self-hypnotic relaxation (n=78) during their procedures. Patients' self-ratings at 1 min-intervals of pain and anxiety on 0-10 verbal analog scales with 0=no pain/anxiety at all, 10=worst pain/anxiety possible, were compared in an ordinal logistic regression model. Women's anxiety increased significantly in the standard group (logit slope=0.18, p<0.001), did not change in the empathy group (slope=-0.04, p=0.45), and decreased significantly in the hypnosis group (slope=-0.27, p<0.001). Pain increased significantly in all three groups (logit slopes: standard care=0.53, empathy=0.37, hypnosis=0.34; all p<0.001) though less steeply with hypnosis and empathy than standard care (p=0.024 and p=0.018, respectively). Room time and cost were not significantly different in an univariate ANOVA despite hypnosis and empathy requiring an additional professional: 46 min/161 dollars for standard care, 43 min/163 dollars for empathy, and 39 min/152 dollars for hypnosis. We conclude that, while both structured empathy and hypnosis decrease procedural pain and anxiety, hypnosis provides more powerful anxiety relief without undue cost and thus appears attractive for outpatient pain management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.