ReviewRNA (New York, N.Y.)2006
Searching for IRES.
Review in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mammalian Polycistronic mRNAs and Disease.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2017Pooled it
- Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 3F (eIF3F) Regulates the IRES-Mediated Translation of Bcl-xL via Its Interaction with Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4) Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Structure-informed mutagenesis identifies combinatorial contributions to mouse insulin receptor IRES function.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Synthetic Biology of Plants and Microbes for Agriculture, Environment, and Future Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Systematic identification of lincRNA-derived immunogenic peptides in melanoma.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potential and Advancements of Circular RNA Therapeutics.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- A structural element within the 5'UTR of β-catenin mRNA modulates its translation under hypoxia.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Decreasing the intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein levels by targeting its structured mRNA with a ribonuclease-targeting chimera.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- ConF: A Deep Learning Model Based on BiLSTM, CNN, and Cross Multi-Head Attention Mechanism for Noncoding RNA Family Prediction.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Terminal hairpins improve protein expression in IRES-initiated mRNA in the absence of a cap and polyadenylated tail.Gene therapy · 2023Article
- SFPQ promotes RAS-mutant cancer cell growth by modulating 5'-UTR mediated translational control of CK1α.NAR cancer · 2022Article
- Critical Role for Cap-Independent c-MYC Translation in Progression of Multiple Myeloma.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2022Article
- Review
- Synthetic polycistronic sequences in eukaryotes.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2021Review
- Targeting IRES-dependent translation as a novel approach for treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy.RNA biology · 2021Review
- Article
- G-Quadruplexes as pathogenic drivers in neurodegenerative disorders.Nucleic acids research · 2021Review
- Human IRES Atlas: an integrative platform for studying IRES-driven translational regulation in humans.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2021Article
- Cysteine-Rich Angiogenic Inducer 61: Pro-Survival Function and Role as a Biomarker for Disseminating Breast Cancer Cells.Cancers · 2021Article
- Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cell has many ways to regulate the production of proteins. One mechanism is through the changes to the machinery of translation initiation. These alterations favor the translation of one subset of mRNAs over another. It was first shown that internal ribosome entry sites (IRESes) within viral RNA genomes allowed the production of viral proteins more efficiently than most of the host proteins. The RNA secondary structure of viral IRESes has sometimes been conserved between viral species even though the primary sequences differ. These structures are important for IRES function, but no similar structure conservation has yet to be shown in cellular IRES. With the advances in mathematical modeling and computational approaches to complex biological problems, is there a way to predict an IRES in a data set of unknown sequences? This review examines what is known about cellular IRES structures, as well as the data sets and tools available to examine this question. We find that the lengths, number of upstream AUGs, and %GC content of 5'-UTRs of the human transcriptome have a similar distribution to those of published IRES-containing UTRs. Although the UTRs containing IRESes are on the average longer, almost half of all 5'-UTRs are long enough to contain an IRES. Examination of the available RNA structure prediction software and RNA motif searching programs indicates that while these programs are useful tools to fine tune the empirically determined RNA secondary structure, the accuracy of de novo secondary structure prediction of large RNA molecules and subsequent identification of new IRES elements by computational approaches, is still not possible.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.