ArticleJournal of molecular evolution2006
The distribution of L1 and Alu retroelements in relation to GC content on human sex chromosomes is consistent with the ectopic recombination model.
Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human cGAS Drives LINE-1 Transcriptional Activation to Trigger MAVS-Dependent Cellular Senescence.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Transposable Elements in Bats Show Differential Accumulation Patterns Determined by Class and Functionality.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mammalian transposable elements and their impacts on genome evolution.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2018Review
- Impact of non-LTR retrotransposons in the differentiation and evolution of anatomically modern humans.Mobile DNA · 2018Article
- An expanding universe of the non-coding genome in cancer biology.Carcinogenesis · 2014Review
- LINEs of evidence: noncanonical DNA replication as an epigenetic determinant.Biology direct · 2013Review
- Evolutionary rate of human tissue-specific genes are related with transposable element insertions.Genetica · 2012Article
- Alu elements: know the SINEs.Genome biology · 2011Review
- Alu distribution and mutation types of cancer genes.BMC genomics · 2011Article
- Assessing the role of tandem repeats in shaping the genomic architecture of great apes.PloS one · 2011Article
- The (r)evolution of SINE versus LINE distributions in primate genomes: sex chromosomes are important.Genome research · 2010Article
- Alu repeats increase local recombination rates.BMC genomics · 2009Article
- Exceptional LINE density at V1R loci: the Lyon repeat hypothesis revisited on autosomes.Journal of molecular evolution · 2009Article
- The role of LINEs and CpG islands in dosage compensation on the chicken Z chromosome.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2009Article
- Analysis of transposon interruptions suggests selection for L1 elements on the X chromosome.PLoS genetics · 2008Article
- Translation from nonautonomous type IAP retrotransposon is a critical determinant of transposition activity: implication for retrotransposon-mediated genome evolution.Genome research · 2008Article
- Biased distributions and decay of long interspersed nuclear elements in the chicken genome.Genetics · 2008Article
- Do Alu repeats drive the evolution of the primate transcriptome?Genome biology · 2008Article
- Gender specific differences in levels of DNA methylation at selected loci from human total blood: a tendency toward higher methylation levels in males.Human genetics · 2007Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The distribution of Alu and L1 retroelements in the human genome changes with their age. Active retroelements target AT-rich regions, but their frequency increases in GC- and gene-rich regions of the genome with increasing age of the insertions. Currently there is no consensus on the mechanism generating this pattern. In this paper we test the hypothesis that selection against deleterious deletions caused by ectopic recombination between repeats is the main cause of the inhomogeneous distribution of L1s and Alus, by means of a detailed analysis of the GC distribution of the repeats on the sex chromosomes. We show that (1) unlike on the autosomes and X chromosome, L1s do not accumulate on the Y chromosome in GC-rich regions, whereas Alus accumulate there to a minor extent; (2) on the Y chromosome Alu and L1 densities are positively correlated, unlike the negative correlation on other chromosomes; and (3) in gene-poor regions of chromosome 4 and X, the distribution of Alus and L1s does not shift toward GC-rich regions. In addition, we show that although local GC content of long L1 insertions is lower than average, their selective loss from recombining chromosomes is not the main cause of the enrichment of ancient L1s in GC-rich regions. The results support the hypothesis that ectopic recombination causes the shift of Alu and L1 distributions toward the gene-rich regions of the genome.
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