ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2006
Immunoprivileged status of the liver is controlled by Toll-like receptor 3 signaling.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 165 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of recipient sex in the post-liver transplant prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure.Journal of liver transplantation · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B virus-mediated sodium influx contributes to hepatic inflammation via synergism with intrahepatic danger signals.iScience · 2024Article
- Intelligent Hydrogel-Assisted Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Review
- Is machine learning-based assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes on standard histologic images associated with outcomes of immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC?Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Is Engaged in the Intracellular Survival of the Protozoan ParasiteInfection and immunity · 2022Article
- Circulating IL-1Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Host Immune Responses after Suprachoroidal Delivery of AAV8 in Nonhuman Primate Eyes.Human gene therapy · 2021Article
- Tumor restriction by type I collagen opposes tumor-promoting effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- The tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer metastases: opportunities in cancer immunotherapy.Immunotherapy · 2020Review
- Pattern Recognition Receptors: Significance of Expression in the Liver.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2020Review
- TLR9 signaling mediates adaptive immunity following systemic AAV gene therapy.Cellular immunology · 2019Article
- Mechanisms of lymphatic system-specific viral replication and its potential role in autoimmune disease.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Review
- Evidence for Sexual Dimorphism in the Response to TLR3 Activation in the Developing Neonatal Mouse Brain: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Immunodivergence in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.Cancer cell · 2018Article
- Elevated serum levels of IL-6 and CXCL9 in autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) patients.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2018Article
- Unraveling the Complex Story of Immune Responses to AAV Vectors Trial After Trial.Human gene therapy · 2017Review
- The hemochromatosis protein HFE 20 years later: An emerging role in antigen presentation and in the immune system.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2017Review
- Presentation of Autoantigen in Peripheral Lymph Nodes Is Sufficient for Priming Autoreactive CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Interferon-γ facilitates hepatic antiviral T cell retention for the maintenance of liver-induced systemic tolerance.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2016Article
- Management of immunosuppressant agents following liver transplantation: Less is more.World journal of hepatology · 2016Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The liver is known to be a classical immunoprivileged site with a relatively high resistance against immune responses. Here we demonstrate that highly activated liver-specific effector CD8+ T cells alone were not sufficient to trigger immune destruction of the liver in mice. Only additional innate immune signals orchestrated by TLR3 provoked liver damage. While TLR3 activation did not directly alter liver-specific CD8+ T cell function, it induced IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha release. These cytokines generated expression of the chemokine CXCL9 in the liver, thereby enhancing CD8+ T cell infiltration and liver disease in mice. Thus, nonspecific activation of innate immunity can drastically enhance susceptibility to immune destruction of a solid organ.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.