ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Protease activity, secretion, cell entry, cytotoxicity, and cellular targets of secreted autotransporter toxin of uropathogenic Escherichia coli.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Plasmid-encoded toxin ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Phylogenetic Classification and Functional Review of Autotransporters.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Secreted Autotransporter Toxin (Sat) Mediates Innate Immune System Evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Extraintestinal PathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Insight Into the Virulence Related Secretion Systems, Fimbriae, and Toxins in O2:K1Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- The Serine Protease Autotransporters TagB, TagC, and Sha from Extraintestinal PathogenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Secreted autotransporter toxin (Sat) induces cell damage during enteroaggregative Escherichia coli infection.PloS one · 2020Article
- Pathogenicity Factors of Genomic Islands in Intestinal and ExtraintestinalFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Serine Protease Autotransporters of theMicroorganisms · 2019Review
- Subdomain 2 of the Autotransporter Pet Is the Ligand Site for Recognizing the Pet Receptor on the Epithelial Cell Surface.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-Associated Exotoxins.Microbiology spectrum · 2016Review
- Strengths and Limitations of Model Systems for the Study of Urinary Tract Infections and Related Pathologies.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Review
- Epigenetic Influence of Dam Methylation on Gene Expression and Attachment in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.Frontiers in public health · 2016Article
- The secreted autotransporter toxin (Sat) does not act as a virulence factor in the probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917.BMC microbiology · 2015Article
- Virulence and Fitness Determinants of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.Microbiology spectrum · 2015Review
- Antisecretory factor peptide AF-16 inhibits the secreted autotransporter toxin-stimulated transcellular and paracellular passages of fluid in cultured human enterocyte-like cells.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- The Autotransporter BpaB Contributes to the Virulence of Burkholderia mallei in an Aerosol Model of Infection.PloS one · 2015Article
- Role of class 1 serine protease autotransporter in the pathogenesis of Citrobacter rodentium colitis.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The secreted autotransporter toxin (Sat), found predominantly in uropathogenic Escherichia coli, is a member of the SPATE (serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae) family and, as such, has serine protease activity and causes cytopathic effects on various cell types. To assess the contribution of the serine protease active site to the mechanism of action of Sat, mutations were made in the first (S256I), in the second (S258A), or in both (S256I/S258A) serine residues within the active site motif. Mutations in the first or both serines reduced protease activity to background levels (P<0.001); a single mutation in the second serine reduced activity by 60% compared to wild type (P<0.001). After reversion of the S256I mutation to wild type (I256S), we confirmed S256 as the catalytically active serine. None of these mutations affected secretion of the mature passenger domain or release into the supernatant. The S256I mutation, however, abrogated the cytotoxicity of Sat on human bladder (UM-UC-3) and kidney (HEK 293) epithelial cells, characterized by rounding and elongation, respectively, and a high level of cell detachment. Moreover, S256 is essential for Sat to mediate cytoskeletal contraction and actin loss in host cells as well as to degrade specific membrane/cytoskeletal (fodrin and leukocyte function-associated molecule 1) and nuclear [microtubule-associated proteins, LIM domain-only protein 7, Rap GTPase-activating protein, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase] proteins in vitro. Lastly, Sat was internalized by host cells and localized to the cytoskeletal fraction where membrane/cytoskeletal target proteins reside.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.