ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2006
The Actin cross-linking domain of the Vibrio cholerae RTX toxin directly catalyzes the covalent cross-linking of actin.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Vibrio cholerae strain SU109: a genomic investigation of a shrimp-associated strain from Bangladesh.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Article
- Effects of Bile on PathogenicBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Genomic Analysis and Virulence Features of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1/Non-O139 Harbouring CARB-Type β-Lactamases From Freshwater Bodies, Argentina.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Antagonistic Effects of Actin-Specific Toxins onBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Biantennary N-glycans As Receptors for MARTX Toxins inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Antagonistic effects of actin-specific toxins onbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Chemical Proteomics Reveals NMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2024Article
- DARPins bind their cytosolic targets after having been translocated through the protective antigen pore of anthrax toxin.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- The Vibrio cholerae Type Six Secretion System Is Dispensable for Colonization but Affects Pathogenesis and the Structure of Zebrafish Intestinal Microbiome.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Vibrio cholerae Infection Induces Strain-Specific Modulation of the Zebrafish Intestinal Microbiome.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Article
- Lysine Fatty Acylation: Regulatory Enzymes, Research Tools, and Biological Function.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Cross-Kingdom Activation ofJournal of bacteriology · 2020Review
- Intein-mediated cytoplasmic reconstitution of a split toxin enables selective cell ablation in mixed populations and tumor xenografts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Spatiotemporal Regulation ofToxins · 2020Review
- Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that exports enterotoxins to alter host cells and to elicit diarrheal disease. Among the secreted toxins is the multifunctional RTX toxin, which causes cell rounding and actin depolymerization by covalently cross-linking actin monomers into dimers, trimers, and higher multimers. The region of the toxin responsible for cross-linking activity is the actin cross-linking domain (ACD). In this study, we further investigated the role of the ACD in the actin cross-linking reaction. We show that the RTX toxin cross-links actin independently of tissue transglutaminase, thus eliminating an indirect model of ACD activity. We demonstrate that a fusion protein of the ACD and the N-terminal portion of lethal factor from Bacillus anthracis (LF(N)ACD) has cross-linking activity in vivo and in crude cell extracts. Furthermore, we determined that LF(N)ACD directly catalyzes the formation of covalent linkages between actin molecules in vitro and that Mg(2+) and ATP are essential cofactors for the cross-linking reaction. In addition, G-actin is proposed as a cytoskeletal substrate of the RTX toxin in vivo. Future studies of the in vitro cross-linking reaction will facilitate characterization of the enzymatic properties of the ACD and contribute to our knowledge of the novel mechanism of covalent actin cross-linking.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.