ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2006
Incidence and determinants of moderate COPD (GOLD II) in male smokers aged 40-65 years: 5-year follow up.
Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence relating smoking to COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2011Pooled it
- Childhood Cigarette Smoking and Risk of COPD in Older United States Adults: A Nationally Representative Replication Study.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Age of Initiating Smoking: An Independent Predictor of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Later Life.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Childhood Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Older U.S. Adults.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Review
- Comparative study on medical utilization and costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with good lung function.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2017Article
- Clinical utility of varenicline for smokers with medical and psychiatric comorbidity.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2009Review
- Quality of life in smokers: focus on functional limitations rather than on lung function?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2007Article
- Letter from a Dutch uncle.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2006Article
- Can early diagnosis and effective management combat the irresistible rise of COPD?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2006Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem with an estimated prevalence of 10-15% among smokers. The incidence of moderate COPD, as defined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), is largely unknown.
aimTo determine the cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio [FEV1/FVC] <0.7 and FEV1 <80% predicted) and its association with patient characteristics in a cohort of male smokers.
designProspective cohort study.
settingThe city of IJsselstein, a small town in the Netherlands.
methodSmokers aged 40-65 years who were registered with local GPs, participated in a study to identify undetected COPD. Baseline measurements were taken in 1998 of 399 smokers with normal spirometry (n = 292) or mild COPD (FEV1/FVC <0.7 and FEV1 >or=80% predicted, n = 107) and follow-up measurements were conducted in 2003.
resultsAfter a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, 33 participants developed moderate COPD (GOLD II). This showed an estimated cumulative incidence of 8.3% (95% CI = 5.8 to 11.4) and a mean annual incidence of 1.6%. No participant developed severe airflow obstruction. The risk of developing moderate COPD in smokers with baseline mild COPD (GOLD I) was five times higher than in those with baseline normal spirometry (one in five versus one in 25).
conclusionsIn a cohort of middle-aged male smokers, the estimated cumulative incidence of moderate COPD (GOLD II) over 5 years was relatively high (8.3%). Age, childhood smoking, cough, and one or more GP contacts for lower respiratory tract problems were independently associated with incident moderate COPD.
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Identifiers
16953996PMC1876630W1916442754What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.