ArticleHIV medicine2006
Serum prostate-specific antigen levels in older men with or at risk of HIV infection.
Article in HIV medicine, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV and prostate cancer: a systematic review of the literature.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2009Pooled it
- Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in men with human immunodeficiency virus.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2010Trial
- Prostate cancer in people with HIV.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- A clinical overview of people living with HIV and genitourinary cancer care.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Prostate cancer in sexual minorities and the influence of HIV status.Nature reviews. Urology · 2019Review
- Prostate-specific antigen: its relationship with alcohol intake and tobacco.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2012Article
- Screening HIV-infected patients for non-AIDS-defining malignancies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2009Review
- Urologic complications of HIV and AIDS.Nature clinical practice. Urology · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of the study was to determine the rate of, and factors associated with, elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in older men with or at risk of HIV infection.
methodsUsing a cross-sectional analysis, we interviewed 534 men > or =49 years old at risk for HIV infection on demographics, behaviours and medical history. Laboratory testing included serum PSA level and HIV serology, and T-cell subsets for those who were HIV seropositive. Elevated PSA level was defined as >4.0 ng/mL, and men with elevated PSA levels were referred for urological evaluation.
resultsFifteen per cent of men were white, 55% black, and 23% Hispanic; median age was 53 years (range 49-80 years); 74% were sexually active; 65% currently smoked cigarettes; and 16% had taken androgens. Among 310 HIV-positive men, CD4 counts were >500 cells/microL in 31%, 200-500 cells/microL in 51%, and <200 cells/microL in 19%. Twenty men (4%) had elevated PSA. On univariate analysis, only older age was significantly associated with elevated PSA, and there was no significant difference in the number of men with elevated PSA between HIV-positive and HIV-negative men (nine of 310 vs 11 of 224; P = 0.28). On multivariate analysis, older age remained the only variable associated with elevated PSA level [reference group < or =50 years; adjusted odds ratio (OR(adj)) 1.0 for age 51-60 years; OR(adj) 5.9 (95% confidence interval 1.2-30.1) for age > or =61 years] adjusted for HIV status, family history of prostate cancer, and androgen use.
conclusionsAmong older men, PSA levels increased with age but did not differ by HIV status. The clinical use of PSA levels in older men currently do not need to be modified for those with HIV infection.
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