Trial reportInternational immunology2006
Host chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) is differentially regulated in HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals.
Trial report in International immunology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- A dichotomy in cortical actin and chemotactic actin activity between human memory and naive T cells contributes to their differential susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2012Trial
- Article
- Macrophage-Derived Factors with the Potential to Contribute to the Pathogenicity of HIV-1 and HIV-2: Roles of M-CSF and CXCL7.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Association between cytokine and increased risk of death in ART- naïve and ART-non-adherence patients hospitalized with advanced HIV disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- The role of the 3'-UTR of the chemokine receptor CCR2 and hnRNPA0 in regulating mRNA stability and subcellular distribution in human CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of HIV-mediated blood-brain barrier compromise and leukocyte transmigration under the current antiretroviral era.iScience · 2024Article
- Macrophage-Derived Factors with the Potential to Contribute to Pathogenicity of HIV-1 and HIV-2: Role of CCL-2/MCP-1.Viruses · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Chronic Immune Activation in TB/HIV Co-infection.Trends in microbiology · 2020Review
- Gene Expression: the Key to Understanding HIV-1 Infection?Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2020Review
- Plasma CXCL10 correlates with HAND in HIV-infected women.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Article
- Negative Checkpoint Regulatory Molecule 2B4 (CD244) Upregulation Is Associated with Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Alterations and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Time-Course Study of the Transcriptome of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from Sheep Infected with Fasciola hepatica.PloS one · 2016Article
- Immuno-pathomechanism of liver fibrosis: targeting chemokine CCL2-mediated HIV:HCV nexus.Journal of translational medicine · 2014Review
- Cytokine/Chemokine responses in activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood, bone marrow, and axillary lymph nodes during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Development and validation of protein microarray technology for simultaneous inflammatory mediator detection in human sera.Mediators of inflammation · 2014Article
- Novel anti-HIV therapeutics targeting chemokine receptors and actin regulatory pathways.Immunological reviews · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several cytokines and chemokines including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) are induced in HIV-1 infection. However, the impact of HIV-1 viremia on CCL2 regulation is largely unknown. We utilized a DNA oligonucleotide microarray covering 110 inflammatory genes. Five genes were induced by at least 2-fold in PBMCs of HIV-1 viremic (>100,000 RNA copies ml(-1)) as compared with aviremic (<50 RNA copies ml(-1)) individuals. These genes were CCL2, CXC chemokine ligand-10, IFN-gamma, GTP-cyclohydrolase-1 and C-C chemokine receptor-1. In addition to microarray data verification by real-time PCR, analysis of independent patient samples revealed a similar expression pattern. CCL2 was the most strongly regulated gene at mRNA level and its serum concentration was significantly elevated in viremic compared with aviremic and HIV-1 seronegative controls, indicating a positive correlation between viremia and CCL2. Flow cytometric studies demonstrated a higher percentage of CCL2-expressing CD14(+) monocytes in viremic compared with aviremic individuals. These results suggest a highly restricted modulation of host inflammatory gene response by HIV. Genes up-regulated in the viremic state, in particular CCL2, presumably serve as potential enhancing factors in HIV-1 replication, represented by high viral load in HIV-1 viremic patients. Inhibition of increased CCL2 production could provide a new therapeutic intervention in HIV-1 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.