ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2006
Insulin signaling diverges into Akt-dependent and -independent signals to regulate the recruitment/docking and the fusion of GLUT4 vesicles to the plasma membrane.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 207 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Insulin resistance in the 21st century: new takes on an old problem-2025 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- The effects of rare sugar on cardiometabolic alterations: a recent update from basic science to clinical application.European journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- GLUT4 Trafficking and Storage Vesicles: Molecular Architecture, Regulatory Networks, and Their Disruption in Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Brain insulin resistance mediated cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration: Type-3 diabetes or Alzheimer's Disease.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Review
- Role and mechanism of specialized pro-resolving mediators in obesity-associated insulin resistance.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Review
- Article
- Microtubule-mediated GLUT4 trafficking is disrupted in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle.eLife · 2023Article
- GLUT4 On the move.The Biochemical journal · 2022Article
- Insulin-Stimulated Muscle Glucose Uptake and Insulin Signaling in Lean and Obese Humans.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Signaling Heterogeneity is Defined by Pathway Architecture and Intercellular Variability in Protein Expression.iScience · 2021Article
- Insulin-promoted mobilization of GLUT4 from a perinuclear storage site requires RAB10.Molecular biology of the cell · 2021Article
- Tmod3 Phosphorylation Mediates AMPK-Dependent GLUT4 Plasma Membrane Insertion in Myoblasts.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Gamma radiation improves AD pathogenesis in APP/PS1 mouse model by potentiating insulin sensitivity.Heliyon · 2020Article
- Article
- De Novo Lipogenesis as a Source of Second Messengers in Adipocytes.Current diabetes reports · 2019Review
- Endurance running exercise is an effective alternative to estradiol replacement for restoring hyperglycemia through TBC1D1/GLUT4 pathway in skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2019Article
- Fiber type-selective exercise effects on AS160 phosphorylation.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Article
- Crosstalk in transition: the translocation of Akt.Journal of mathematical biology · 2019Article
- Cooperative actions of Tbc1d1 and AS160/Tbc1d4 in GLUT4-trafficking activities.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin modulates glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissue by regulating the cellular redistribution of the GLUT4 glucose transporter. Protein kinase Akt/PKB is a central mediator of insulin-regulated translocation of GLUT4; however, the GLUT4 trafficking step(s) regulated by Akt is not known. Here, we use acute pharmacological Akt inhibition to show that Akt is required for insulin-stimulated exocytosis of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Our data also suggest that the AS160 Rab GAP is not the only Akt target required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. Using a total internal reflection microscopy assay, we show that Akt activity is specifically required for an insulin-mediated prefusion step involving the recruitment and/or docking of GLUT4 vesicles to within 250 nm of the plasma membrane. Moreover, the insulin-stimulated fusion of GLUT4 vesicles with the plasma membrane can occur independently of Akt activity, although based on inhibition by wortmannin, it is dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase activity. Hence, to achieve full redistribution of GLUT4 into the plasma membrane, insulin signaling bifurcates to independently regulate both fusion and a prefusion step(s).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.