ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
Estrogen receptor signaling protects against immune suppression by UV radiation exposure.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Concomitant DNA methylation and transcriptome signatures define epidermal responses to acute solar UV radiation.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Influence of the season on vitamin D levels and regulatory T cells in patients with polymorphic light eruption.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2016Trial
- Epidemiology and socioeconomic factors of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the Middle East and North Africa 1990 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sunscreen use associated with elevated prevalence of anti-nuclear antibodies in U.S. adults.Journal of autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Actinic conjunctivitis and its relationship with prurigo in an indigenous population from the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico.International ophthalmology · 2024Observational
- Phytoestrogens (Resveratrol and Equol) for Estrogen-Deficient Skin-Controversies/Misinformation versus Anti-Aging In Vitro and Clinical Evidence via Nutraceutical-Cosmetics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Sex Differences in Photoprotective Responses to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Mice Are Modulated by the Estrogen Receptor-β.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Association of Birth Weight, Childhood Body Mass Index, and Height With Risk of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.JAMA dermatology · 2020Article
- Functional foods and their role in cancer prevention and health promotion: a comprehensive review.American journal of cancer research · 2017Review
- Article
- Sex differences in skin carotenoid deposition and acute UVB-induced skin damage in SKH-1 hairless mice after consumption of tangerine tomatoes.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2015Article
- Levels and function of regulatory T cells in patients with polymorphic light eruption: relation to photohardening.The British journal of dermatology · 2015Article
- Effects of fetal microwave radiation exposure on offspring behavior in mice.Journal of radiation research · 2015Article
- Characterization of the role of the antioxidant proteins metallothioneins 1 and 2 in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2012Article
- Progression of mouse skin carcinogenesis is associated with increased ERα levels and is repressed by a dominant negative form of ERα.PloS one · 2012Article
- Isoflavonoids - an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits.Interdisciplinary toxicology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The phytoestrogenic isoflavonoid equol is known to protect against solar-simulated UV radiation-induced inflammation, immunosuppression, and skin carcinogenesis. The mechanism may involve antioxidant actions, because equol not only is a radical scavenger but also enhances the induction of a relevant cutaneous antioxidant, metallothionein. However, this study in female hairless mice examined whether the estrogenicity of the isoflavonoid might be responsible. Protection by topically applied equol against photoimmune suppression was found to be strongly and dose-dependently inhibited by the estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182,780. Furthermore, ICI 182,780 alone was found to significantly exacerbate immunosuppression resulting from solar-simulated UV radiation irradiation, suggesting a natural role for the ER in photoimmune protection. In support of this role, topical application of the physiological ligand 17-beta-estradiol also provided dose-dependent photoimmune protection, inhibitable by ICI 182,780, that was attributed largely to the inactivation of the downstream actions of cis-urocanic acid, an important endogenous immunosuppressive photoproduct. Thus, a hitherto unrecognized function of the ER as a normal photoprotective immune regulator in the skin was revealed. The relationship between equol and cutaneous metallothionein suggests an association of the ER with this inducible antioxidant in constraining the photoimmune-suppressed state and therefore in the prevention of the facilitation of photocarcinogenesis by this immunological defect. This role for the ER may underlie important gender-specific differences in UV-responsiveness that would reflect different needs for environmental photoprotection in males and females.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.