Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16905718›Full record

ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2006

Some doubts about one of the largest smoking prevention programmes in Europe, the smokefree class competition.

Jean-François Etter, Paul Bouvier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Incentives for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
  2. Incentives for preventing smoking in children and adolescents.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. European smokefree class competition: a measure to decrease smoking in youth.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2007
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jean-François EtterInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, case postale, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Jean-Francois.Etter@imsp.unige.ch
Paul Bouvier

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With over 600,000 participants in 16 countries, the smokefree class competition is one of the largest smoking prevention programmes in Europe. Participating classes that maintain a smoking prevalence usually below 10% are eligible for a contest and the winner is rewarded with money. There is however no convincing evidence that this competition has any effect on smoking prevalence beyond the short term, and this approach raises serious ethical issues. In particular, the central principle of this competition is to apply negative peer pressure upon teenage smokers. However, promoters of this competition have neglected to report the possible adverse consequences of using negative peer pressure upon smokers. This is a concern, because teenage smokers are more vulnerable than non-smokers, and they are at higher risk of suffering from psychological problems and school failure.

Indexed as

Smoking PreventionAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorCompetitive BehaviorEuropeHealth EducationHealth PromotionHumansMotivationPeer GroupSchool Health ServicesSmoking CessationTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID16905718
PMCPMC2566022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.