Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16904174›Full record

ArticleCell2006

Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.

Kazutoshi Takahashi, Shinya Yamanaka

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12,210 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12,210citing papers in PubMed
236.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02056613 withdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2014, after this paper: background citation

Collection of Blood From Healthy Volunteers and Clinical Research Subjects for the Production of Clinical Grade Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Products

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)Ran2014 to 2018Enrolled0ConditionsInduced Pluripotent Stem Cells
NCT02980302 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Development of the Tool " iPSC " (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) for the Functional Study of Mutations Responsible for Mental Retardation - Application to Familial Study of MYT1L Gene Mutations

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, GrenobleRan2015 to 2017Enrolled4ConditionsIntellectual Deficiency, Asymptomatic Carrier of the Mutation of the Gene MYT1L, Healthy VolunteersArmsCutaneous biopsy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12,210 citing papers in PubMed, 26,294 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. An RNA mark for pluripotency.Nature chemical biology · 2026
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  11. Cell plasticity in cancer and therapy resistance.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026
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  16. Human cardiovascular organoids: Biomedical applications and ethical challenges.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026
    Review
  17. Review
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12,150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kazutoshi TakahashiDepartment of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Shinya Yamanaka
Japan Science and Technology Agency · JPKyoto University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Differentiated cells can be reprogrammed to an embryonic-like state by transfer of nuclear contents into oocytes or by fusion with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Little is known about factors that induce this reprogramming. Here, we demonstrate induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic or adult fibroblasts by introducing four factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, under ES cell culture conditions. Unexpectedly, Nanog was dispensable. These cells, which we designated iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes. Subcutaneous transplantation of iPS cells into nude mice resulted in tumors containing a variety of tissues from all three germ layers. Following injection into blastocysts, iPS cells contributed to mouse embryonic development. These data demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells can be directly generated from fibroblast cultures by the addition of only a few defined factors.

Indexed as

AdultAnimalsCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedCell TransplantationDNA-Binding ProteinsEmbryo, MammalianFibroblastsGene Expression ProfilingHomeodomain ProteinsHumansKruppel-Like Factor 4Kruppel-Like Transcription FactorsMiceMice, NudeMice, TransgenicDNA-Binding ProteinsHomeodomain ProteinsKLF4 protein, humanKlf4 protein, mouseKruppel-Like Factor 4Kruppel-Like Transcription FactorsMyc protein, mouseNanog Homeobox ProteinNanog protein, mouseOctamer Transcription Factor-3Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycSOX2 protein, humanSox2 protein, mouseSOXB1 Transcription FactorsTrans-Activators

Identifiers

PMID16904174
OpenAlexW2125987139

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.