ReviewImmunology2006
The riddle of the dual expression of IgM and IgD.
Review in Immunology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- GATHeR: graph-based accurate tool for immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain reconstruction.Nature communications · 2026Article
- New insights to B cell tolerance involving the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1.BMB reports · 2026Review
- Glycan Structures of Human Immunoglobulins and Their Roles.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Exploring hypoxia- and cuproptosis-related biomarkers in periodontitis based on transcriptome and single-cell analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- bcRflow: a Nextflow pipeline for characterizing B cell receptor repertoires from non-targeted transcriptomic data.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2024Article
- The molecular mechanism of on-demand sterol biosynthesis at organelle contact sites.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Both sides now: evolutionary traits of antigens and B cells in tolerance and activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Teleost IgDiScience · 2023Article
- Roles of FcRn in Antigen-Presenting Cells during Autoimmunity and a Clinical Evaluation of Efgartigimod as an FcRn Blocker.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- An Optimized Flow Cytometric Method to Demonstrate the Differentiation Stage-Dependent CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- [Distribution of memory B cell subsets in peripheral blood of children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Article
- Tafazzin deficiency in mouse mesenchymal stem cells promote reprogramming of activated B lymphocytes toward immunosuppressive phenotypes.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- A porcine lymphoma-derived cell line co-expressing IgM, IgG and IgA.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2022Article
- Characterization of human IgM and IgG repertoires in individuals with chronic HIV-1 infection.Virologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Antibody production in mice requires neither vitamin D, nor the vitamin D receptor.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Role of B Cells in Responses to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy and Overall Survival of Cancer Patients.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2021Review
- A Catalogus Immune Muris of the mouse immune responses to diverse pathogens.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- Double-negative (DN) B cells: an under-recognized effector memory B cell subset in autoimmunity.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Review
- Individual B cells transcribe multiple rearranged immunoglobulin light chains in teleost fish.iScience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Signalling through the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) is required for peripheral B lymphocyte maturation, maintenance, activation and silencing. In mature B cells, the antigen receptor normally consists of two isotypes, membrane IgM and IgD (mIgM, mIgD). Although the signals initiated from both isotypes differ in kinetics and intensity, in vivo, the BCR of either isotype seems to be able to compensate for the loss of the other, reflected by the mild phenotypes of mice deficient for mIgM or mIgD. Thus, it is still unclear why mature B cells need expression of mIgD in addition to mIgM. In the current review we suggest that the view that IgD has a simply definable function centred around the basic signalling function should be replaced by the assumption that IgD fine tunes humoral responses, modulates B cell selection and homeostasis and thus shapes the B cell repertoire, defining IgD to be a key modulator of the humoral immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.