ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
A codon deletion confers resistance to herbicides inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistence of PPO mutations and dynamics of Amaranthus palmeri resistance to PPO-inhibitor herbicides in a decade.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Target-site and non-target-site mechanisms confer multiple herbicide resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) accessions from Wisconsin.Pest management science · 2026Article
- PPO Inhibitors as a Key Focus in Herbicide Discovery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Novel amino acid substitutions in Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 1 endow resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Exploring the deletion landscape ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Rapid Resistance Detection ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Current status of community resources and priorities for weed genomics research.Genome biology · 2024Review
- The effects of long-term application of fomesafen on weed seedbank and resistance levels ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Mapping of flumioxazin tolerance in a snap bean diversity panel leads to the discovery of a master genomic region controlling multiple stress resistance genes.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Do Traits Travel? Multiple-Herbicide-ResistantPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phytochemical Cue for the Fitness Costs of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A New V361A Mutation inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Enhanced Herbicide Metabolism and Target-Site Mutations Confer Multiple Resistance to Fomesafen and Nicosulfuron inBiology · 2023Article
- Inhibition profile of trifludimoxazin towards PPO2 target site mutations.Pest management science · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of Amaranthus retroflex resistant to PPO-inhibitory herbicides.PloS one · 2023Article
- Field-EvolvedGenes · 2022Article
- Can double PPO mutations exist in the same allele and are such mutants functional?Pest management science · 2022Article
- Multiple evolutionary origins of glyphosate resistance inEvolutionary applications · 2022Article
- Insights into the Role of Transcriptional Gene Silencing in Response to Herbicide-Treatments inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- A holistic approach in herbicide resistance research and management: from resistance detection to sustainable weed control.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Herbicides that act by inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) are widely used to control weeds in a variety of crops. The first weed to evolve resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides was Amaranthus tuberculatus, a problematic weed in the midwestern United States that previously had evolved multiple resistances to herbicides inhibiting two other target sites. Evaluation of a PPO-inhibitor-resistant A. tuberculatus biotype revealed that resistance was a (incompletely) dominant trait conferred by a single, nuclear gene. Three genes predicted to encode PPO were identified in A. tuberculatus. One gene from the resistant biotype, designated PPX2L, contained a codon deletion that was shown to confer resistance by complementation of a hemG mutant strain of Escherichia coli grown in the presence and absence of the PPO inhibitor lactofen. PPX2L is predicted to encode both plastid- and mitochondria-targeted PPO isoforms, allowing a mutation in a single gene to confer resistance to two herbicide target sites. Unique aspects of the resistance mechanism include an amino acid deletion, rather than a substitution, and the dual-targeting nature of the gene, which may explain why resistance to PPO inhibitors has been rare.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.