ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via Toll-like receptor 2.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis identifies common gut microbiota associated with multiple sclerosis.Genome medicine · 2024Pooled it
- The Soluble Form of Toll-Like Receptor 2 Is Elevated in Serum of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Novel Potential Disease Biomarker.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Delimiting MOGAD as a disease entity using translational imaging.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Role of diet in regulating the gut microbiota and multiple sclerosis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2022Review
- Curdlan, a Microbial β-Glucan, Has Contrasting Effects on Autoimmune and Viral Models of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Identifying the culprits in neurological autoimmune diseases.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2019Review
- Pattern Recognition Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Inflammatory Role of TLR-MyD88 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
- A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases-does a common dysbiosis exist?Microbiome · 2018Article
- The contribution of the acute phase response to the pathogenesis of relapse in chronic-relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalitis models of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- Close Encounters of the First Kind: Innate Sensors and Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular neurobiology · 2017Review
- The Autoimmune Ecology.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Systemic Escherichia coli infection does not influence clinical symptoms and neurodegeneration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.BMC neuroscience · 2015Article
- Beneficial effect of chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection in a model of multiple sclerosis is mediated through the secretion of extracellular adherence protein.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2015Article
- Exacerbation of autoimmune neuro-inflammation in mice cured from blood-stage Plasmodium berghei infection.PloS one · 2014Article
- Innate immune responses in the CNS: role of toll-like receptors, mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Review
- Role of toll-like receptors in multiple sclerosis.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2013Article
- TLR-dependent T cell activation in autoimmunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2011Review
- Toll-like receptors are key players in neurodegeneration.International immunopharmacology · 2011Review
- Alteration of T cell cytokine production in PLPp-139-151-induced EAE in SJL mice by an immunostimulatory CpG oligonucleotide.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The course of autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be influenced by infections. Here we assessed the disease-modulating effects of the most frequent respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumonia on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG(35-55)) peptide, challenged intraperitoneally with live S. pneumoniae type 3, and then treated with ceftriaxone. EAE was monitored by a clinical score for 35 days after immunization. EAE was unaltered in mice infected with S. pneumoniae 2 days before and 21 days after the first MOG(35-55) injection but was more severe in animals infected 7 days after the first MOG(35-55) injection. The antigen-driven systemic T-cell response was unaltered, and the intraspinal Th1 cytokine mRNA concentrations at the peak of disease were unchanged. The composition of CNS-infiltrating cells and subsequent tissue destruction were only slightly increased after S. pneumoniae infection. In contrast, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 and spinal interleukin-6 levels were elevated, and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, CD80, and CD86 on splenic dendritic cells were enhanced early after infection. Serum cytokine concentrations were not elevated, and EAE was not aggravated by S. pneumoniae infection in Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-deficient mice. In conclusion, infection with S. pneumoniae worsens EAE probably by elevation of proinflammatory cytokines and activation of dendritic cells in the systemic circulation via TLR2 and cross talk through the blood-brain barrier.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.