ArticleContraception2006
Menstrual bleeding patterns following levonorgestrel emergency contraception.
Article in Contraception, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ectopic pregnancy and emergency contraceptive pills: a systematic review.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2010Pooled it
- Managing Abnormal Uterine Bleeding With Norethisterone Acetate: An Evidence-Based Review and Expert Insights.Cureus · 2026Review
- A study to assess the knowledge and awareness among young doctors about emergency contraception.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
- State of emergency contraception in the U.S., 2018.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2018Review
- Does levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive have a post-fertilization effect? A review of its mechanism of action.The Linacre quarterly · 2016Review
- Emergency contraception review: evidence-based recommendations for clinicians.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Review
- Effectiveness of emergency contraception in women after sexual assault.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2013Article
- Issues in emergency contraception for the adolescent.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMultiple trials by the World Health Organization have established levonorgestrel as the gold standard in hormonal emergency contraception (EC). However, changes in menstrual patterns following EC have been observed; thus, we undertook this prospective study to identify and determine the characteristics of these changes. MATERIALS: Women requesting EC at either any of two hospitals --1 family planning unit and 12 pharmacies in Yaoundé, Cameroon were enrolled if they had a history of regular menstrual cycles over the previous 3 months and if they agreed to follow-up until the end of the subsequent menstrual cycle. Pretreatment menstrual patterns were compared with those of the EC treatment cycle and the cycle after EC.
resultsIn a set of 232 participants (mean age, 25 years), we observed 34 (14.7%) cases of incident intermenstrual bleeding and statistically significant changes in menstrual cycle length, menstrual period length and menstrual appearance compared to baseline patterns that differed according to whether EC was taken well before, close to or well after the expected ovulation for that cycle. The majority of these changes disappeared in the following cycle.
conclusionLevonorgestrel EC is associated with significant but transient changes in menstrual patterns in a significant proportion of users.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.