Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16859531›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2006

Shuffling of cis-regulatory elements is a pervasive feature of the vertebrate lineage.

Remo Sanges, Eva Kalmar, Pamela Claudiani, Maria D'Amato, Ferenc Muller, Elia Stupka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Deep conservation of cis-regulatory elements in metazoans.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2013
    Review
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  17. Dispensability of mammalian DNA.Genome research · 2008
    Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Remo SangesTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via P, Castellino, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
Eva Kalmar
Pamela Claudiani
Maria D'Amato
Ferenc Muller
Elia Stupka
Telethon Institute Of Genetics And Medicine · IT

Funding

Telethon TGM03P18Telethon TGM06S01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAll vertebrates share a remarkable degree of similarity in their development as well as in the basic functions of their cells. Despite this, attempts at unearthing genome-wide regulatory elements conserved throughout the vertebrate lineage using BLAST-like approaches have thus far detected noncoding conservation in only a few hundred genes, mostly associated with regulation of transcription and development.

resultsWe used a unique combination of tools to obtain regional global-local alignments of orthologous loci. This approach takes into account shuffling of regulatory regions that are likely to occur over evolutionary distances greater than those separating mammalian genomes. This approach revealed one order of magnitude more vertebrate conserved elements than was previously reported in over 2,000 genes, including a high number of genes found in the membrane and extracellular regions. Our analysis revealed that 72% of the elements identified have undergone shuffling. We tested the ability of the elements identified to enhance transcription in zebrafish embryos and compared their activity with a set of control fragments. We found that more than 80% of the elements tested were able to enhance transcription significantly, prevalently in a tissue-restricted manner corresponding to the expression domain of the neighboring gene.

conclusionOur work elucidates the importance of shuffling in the detection of cis-regulatory elements. It also elucidates how similarities across the vertebrate lineage, which go well beyond development, can be explained not only within the realm of coding genes but also in that of the sequences that ultimately govern their expression.

Indexed as

Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidAlgorithmsAnimalsEnhancer Elements, GeneticEvolution, MolecularPromoter Regions, GeneticSister Chromatid ExchangeVertebratesZebrafish

Identifiers

PMID16859531
PMCPMC1779573
OpenAlexW1954839602

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.