ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2006
Use of a geographic information system to track smelter-related lead exposures in children: North Lake Macquarie, Australia, 1991-2002.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Managing Health Concerns Related to Post-Industrial Sites Redevelopment: A Warsaw, Poland Case Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Environmental Assessment and Blood Lead Levels of Children in Owino Uhuru and Bangladesh Settlements in Kenya.Journal of health & pollution · 2018Article
- Evaluation and assessment of the efficacy of an abatement strategy in a former lead smelter community, Boolaroo, Australia.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2016Article
- Comments on manuscript--Zheng, J., Huynh, T., Gasparon, M., Ng, J. and Noller, B., 2013. Human health risk assessment of lead from mining activities at semi-arid locations in the context of total lead exposure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 20, 8404-8416.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2015Article
- A novel method using sedimentary metals and GIS for measuring anthropogenic change in coastal lake environments.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2010Article
- Geographical patterns in blood lead in relation to industrial emissions and traffic in Swedish children, 1978-2007.BMC public health · 2009Article
- Fetal deaths and proximity to hazardous waste sites in Washington State.Environmental health perspectives · 2007Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo determine patterns of childhood lead exposure in a community living near a lead and zinc smelter in North Lake Macquarie, Australia between 1991 and 2002.
methodsAn analysis of serial blood lead levels (BLL) of children less than 13 years of age in North Lake Macquarie participating in voluntary blood lead screening. Distance to the smelter and soil lead concentration of the child's place of residence was calculated. Categorical analysis of BLL by residential distance from smelter, residential soil lead concentration, age and year of sample was calculated. Linear regression models were fit for blood lead levels against residential distance from smelter, the log of residential soil lead concentration, age and year of BLL sample.
resultsGeometric mean BLLs were statistically significantly higher for distances less than 1.5 kilometres from the smelter and for residential soil lead concentrations greater than 300 ppm. Yearly BLLs since 1995 were statistically significantly lower than for preceding years, with an average decrease of 0.575 microg/dL per year since 1991. BLLs are statistically significantly higher for children whose age is 1 to 3 years old. Linear regression modelling of BLL predicted a statistically significant decrease in BLL of 3.0831 microg/dL per kilometre from the smelter and a statistically significant increase in BLL of 0.25 microg/dL per log of lead in residential soil. The model explained 28.2% of the variation in BLL.
conclusionResidential distance to the smelter, log of residential soil lead concentration, child's age and year of BLL sample are statistically significant factors for predicting elevated BLLs in children living near a North Lake Macquarie lead smelter.
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