Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16845139›Full record

ArticleAnnals of botany2006

Genetic diversity and structure of managed and semi-natural populations of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) in the Huallaga and Ucayali Valleys of Peru.

Dapeng Zhang, Enrique Arevalo-Gardini, Sue Mischke, Luis Zúñiga-Cernades, Alejandro Barreto-Chavez, Jorge Adriazola Del Aguila

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Article in Annals of botany, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

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8citing papers in PubMed
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8 citing papers in PubMed.

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6 authors.

Dapeng ZhangUSDA ARS PSI SPCL, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg 050, Rm 100, BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. ZhangD@ba.ars.usda.gov
Enrique Arevalo-Gardini
Sue Mischke
Luis Zúñiga-Cernades
Alejandro Barreto-Chavez
Jorge Adriazola Del Aguila

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsCocoa (Theobroma cacao) is indigenous to the Amazon region of South America, and it is well known that the Peruvian Amazon harbours a large number of diverse cocoa populations. A small fraction of the diversity has been collected and maintained as an ex-situ germplasm repository in Peru. However, incorrect labelling of accessions and lack of information on genetic diversity have hindered efficient conservation and use of this germplasm. This study targeted assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a managed and a semi-natural population.

methodsUsing a capillary electrophoresis genotyping system, 105 cocoa accessions collected from the Huallaga and Ucayali valleys of Peru were fingerprinted. Based on 15 loci SSR profiles, genetic identity was examined for each accession and duplicates identified, population structure assessed and genetic diversity analysed in these two populations. KEY

resultsTen synonymous mislabelled groups were identified among the 105 accessions. The germplasm group in the Huallaga valley was clearly separated from the group in Ucayali valley by the Bayesian assignment test. The Huallaga group has lower genetic diversity, both in terms of allelic richness and of gene diversity, than the Ucayali group. Analysis of molecular variance suggested genetic substructure in the Ucayali group. Significant spatial correlation between genetic distance and geographical distances was detected in the Ucayali group by Mantel tests.

conclusionsThese results substantiate the hypothesis that the Peruvian Amazon hosts a high level of cocoa genetic diversity, and the diversity has a spatial structure. The introduction of exotic seed populations into the Peruvian Amazon is changing the cocoa germplasm spectrum in this region. The spatial structure of cocoa diversity recorded here highlights the need for additional collecting and conservation measures for natural and semi-natural cocoa populations.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationCacaoConservation of Natural ResourcesDNAElectrophoresis, CapillaryGenotypeGeographyPeruPlant LeavesPolymerase Chain ReactionDNA

Identifiers

PMID16845139
PMCPMC3292056

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.