ArticleBMC neuroscience2006
Distribution of plasma membrane-associated syntaxins 1 through 4 indicates distinct trafficking functions in the synaptic layers of the mouse retina.
Article in BMC neuroscience, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Munc18-1 is crucial for photoreceptor function, survival and regulation of syntaxin-3 localization and expression.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Syntaxin 3B Mediates Light-Dependent Interactions with STXBP1 and Arrestin 4: Distinct Roles in Rods and Cones.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Intermittent fasting reprograms the brain proteome to prevent synaptic degeneration and cognitive impairment in vascular dementia.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Syntaxin 3B: A SNARE Protein Required for Vision.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Presynaptic Proteins and Their Roles in Visual Processing by the Retina.Annual review of vision science · 2024Review
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- The role of syntaxins in retinal function and health.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
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- Article
- Syntaxin 3 is haplosufficient for long-term photoreceptor survival in the mouse retina.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Conformational change of Syntaxin-3b in regulating SNARE complex assembly in the ribbon synapses.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Pathogenic STX3 variants affecting the retinal and intestinal transcripts cause an early-onset severe retinal dystrophy in microvillus inclusion disease subjects.Human genetics · 2021Article
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- Retinal Ganglion Cells-Diversity of Cell Types and Clinical Relevance.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Syntaxin 3 is essential for photoreceptor outer segment protein trafficking and survival.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Phosphorylation of the Retinal Ribbon Synapse Specific t-SNARE Protein Syntaxin3B Is Regulated by Light via a CaFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
- Vesicular Release of GABA by Mammalian Horizontal Cells Mediates Inhibitory Output to Photoreceptors.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Review
- Ndr kinases regulate retinal interneuron proliferation and homeostasis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Two Pools of Vesicles Associated with Synaptic Ribbons Are Molecularly Prepared for Release.Biophysical journal · 2017Article
- Retinal Astrocytes and GABAergic Wide-Field Amacrine Cells Express PDGFRα: Connection to Retinal Ganglion Cell Neuroprotection by PDGF-AA.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSyntaxins 1 through 4 are SNAP receptor (SNARE) proteins that mediate vesicular trafficking to the plasma membrane. In retina, syntaxins 1 and 3 are expressed at conventional and ribbon synapses, respectively, suggesting that synaptic trafficking functions differ among syntaxin isoforms. To better understand syntaxins in synaptic signaling and trafficking, we further examined the cell- and synapse-specific expression of syntaxins 1 through 4 in the mouse retina by immunolabeling and confocal microscopy.
resultsEach isoform was expressed in the retina and showed a unique distribution in the synaptic layers of the retina, with little or no colocalization of isoforms. Syntaxin 1 was present in amacrine cell bodies and processes and conventional presynaptic terminals in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Syntaxin 2 was present in amacrine cells and their processes in the IPL, but showed little colocalization with syntaxin 1 or other presynaptic markers. Syntaxin 3 was found in glutamatergic photoreceptor and bipolar cell ribbon synapses, but was absent from putative conventional glutamatergic amacrine cell synapses. Syntaxin 4 was localized to horizontal cell processes in the ribbon synaptic complexes of photoreceptor terminals and in puncta in the IPL that contacted dopaminergic and CD15-positive amacrine cells. Syntaxins 2 and 4 often were apposed to synaptic active zones labeled for bassoon.
conclusionThese results indicate that each syntaxin isoform has unique, non-redundant functions in synaptic signaling and trafficking. Syntaxins 1 and 3 mediate presynaptic transmitter release from conventional and ribbon synapses, respectively. Syntaxins 2 and 4 are not presynaptic and likely mediate post-synaptic trafficking.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.