ArticleJournal of virology2006
Increased immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus gp120 engineered to express Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R epitopes.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arming Inactivated Enveloped Virus Vaccines with theVaccines · 2026Review
- The α-Gal Epitope (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc) as Therapeutic Agent in Cancer Immunotherapy, Vaccine Effectiveness Amplification and Injured Tissue Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mutations Inactivating Biosynthesis of Dispensable Carbohydrate-Antigens Prevented Extinctions in Primate/Human Lineage Evolution.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Self-Tumor Antigens in Solid Tumors Turned into Vaccines by α-gal Micelle Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Alpha-Gal Bound Aptamer and Vancomycin Synergistically ReduceMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Antibody production and tolerance to the α-gal epitope as models for understanding and preventing the immune response to incompatible ABO carbohydrate antigens and for α-gal therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Biocatalyzed Synthesis of Glycostructures with Anti-infective Activity.Accounts of chemical research · 2022Review
- Article
- COVID-19 variants as moving targets and how to stop them by glycoengineered whole-virus vaccines.Virulence · 2021Article
- Increasing Efficacy of Enveloped Whole-Virus Vaccines by In situ Immune-Complexing with the Natural Anti-Gal Antibody.Medical research archives · 2021Article
- Biosynthesis of α-Gal Epitopes (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) and Their Unique Potential in Future α-Gal Therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Impact of Protein Glycosylation on the Design of Viral Vaccines.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2021Review
- Review
- Host Synthesized Carbohydrate Antigens on Viral Glycoproteins as "Achilles' Heel" of Viruses Contributing to Anti-Viral Immune Protection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Human Natural Antibodies to Mammalian Carbohydrate Antigens as Unsung Heroes Protecting against Past, Present, and Future Viral Infections.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- A fentanyl vaccine constructed upon opsonizing antibodies specific for the Galα1-3Gal epitope.Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2020Article
- A New Humanized Mouse Model Mimics Humans in Lacking α-Gal Epitopes and Secreting Anti-Gal Antibodies.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Review
- AGI-134: a fully synthetic α-Gal glycolipid that converts tumors into in situ autologous vaccines, induces anti-tumor immunity and is synergistic with an anti-PD-1 antibody in mouse melanoma models.Cancer cell international · 2019Article
- A bioconjugate leveraging xenoreactive antibodies to alleviate cocaine-induced behavior.Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The glycan shield comprised of multiple carbohydrate chains on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp120 helps the virus to evade neutralizing antibodies. The present study describes a novel method for increasing immunogenicity of gp120 vaccine by enzymatic replacement of sialic acid on these carbohydrate chains with Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R (alpha-gal) epitopes. These epitopes are ligands for the natural anti-Gal antibody constituting approximately 1% of immunoglobulin G in humans. We hypothesize that vaccination with gp120 expressing alpha-gal epitopes (gp120(alphagal)) results in in vivo formation of immune complexes with anti-Gal, which targets vaccines for effective uptake by antigen-presenting cells (APC), due to interaction between the Fc portion of the antibody and Fcgamma receptors on APC. This in turn results in effective transport of the vaccine to lymph nodes and effective processing and presentation of gp120 immunogenic peptides by APC for eliciting a strong anti-gp120 immune response. This hypothesis was tested in alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mice, which produce anti-Gal. Mice immunized with gp120(alphagal) produced anti-gp120 antibodies in titers that were >100-fold higher than those measured in mice immunized with comparable amounts of gp120 and effectively neutralized HIV. T-cell response, measured by ELISPOT, was much higher in mice immunized with gp120(alphagal) than in mice immunized with gp120. It is suggested that gp120(alphagal) can serve as a platform for anti-Gal-mediated targeting of additional vaccinating HIV proteins fused to gp120(alphagal), thereby creating effective prophylactic vaccines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.