SynthesisOncogene2006
Southern Europe as an example of interaction between various environmental factors: a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence.
Synthesis in Oncogene, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Low-Level Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Liver Cancer.Gut and liver · 2020Pooled it
- KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of alcoholic liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2013Guideline
- Polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the population living in a highly polluted area in Italy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Cellular Location of HNF4α is Linked With Terminal Liver Failure in Humans.Hepatology communications · 2020Article
- Loss-of-function mutations in Zn-finger DNA-binding domain ofOncotarget · 2018Article
- Interactive effects between Lymphotoxin α +252 polymorphism and habits of substance use on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2017Article
- Genetic factors associated with risk of metabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- Evaluation of liver enzyme levels and identification of asymptomatic liver disease patients in primary care.Internal and emergency medicine · 2017Article
- The association of variants in PNPLA3 and GRP78 and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in an Italian population.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights into cytokine gene polymorphisms.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016Review
- Population attributable fractions of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States.Cancer · 2016Article
- TLR4 Signaling via NANOG Cooperates With STAT3 to Activate Twist1 and Promote Formation of Tumor-Initiating Stem-Like Cells in Livers of Mice.Gastroenterology · 2016Article
- Risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in the course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the protective effect of therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues.World journal of hepatology · 2015Review
- Occult hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- New insights on the role of epigenetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2014Review
- Tumor-initiating stem-like cells and drug resistance: carcinogenesis through Toll-like receptors, environmental factors, and virus.Drug delivery and translational research · 2013Article
- Alcohol consumption, folate intake, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver disease mortality.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2013Article
- Article
- Cancer stem cells generated by alcohol, diabetes, and hepatitis C virus.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2012Review
- Circulating tumor cells measurements in hepatocellular carcinoma.International journal of hepatology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and alcohol consumption are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. We performed a systematic review of epidemiologic studies carried out on HCC aetiology in Southern Europe, an area with an intermediate-high prevalence of these agents as well as of putative risk factors such as tobacco smoking, diabetes and obesity. To retrieve the articles, we performed a Medline search for titles and abstracts of articles. After the Medline search, we reviewed the papers and reference lists to identify additional articles. A synergism between HCV infection and HBV infection, overt (hepatitis B virus antigen (HbsAg) positivity) or occult (HBsAg negativity with presence of HBV DNA in liver or serum), is suggested by the results of some studies. The pattern of the risk for HCC due to alcohol intake shows a continuous dose-effect curve without a definite threshold, although most studies found that HCC risk increased only for alcohol consumption above 40-60 g of ethanol per day. Some evidence supports a positive interaction of alcohol intake probably with HCV infection and possibly with HBV infection. A few studies found that coffee has a protective effect on HCC risk due to various risk factors. Some data also support a role of tobacco smoking, diabetes and obesity as single agents or preferably co-factors in causing HCC. In countries with a relatively high alcohol consumption and intermediate levels of HCV and HBV infections (1-3% of population infected by each virus), such as Mediterranean countries, the three main risk factors together account for about 85% of the total HCC cases, leaving little space to other known risk factors, such as haemochromatosis, and to new, still unrecognised, factors as independent causes of HCC.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.