ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
Origins and evolution of the recA/RAD51 gene family: evidence for ancient gene duplication and endosymbiotic gene transfer.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers.
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157 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms That Govern Recombinase Fidelity Control During Eukaryotic Homologous Recombination.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- R-loops and D-loops: a delicate balance in genomic stability and instability.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- The RAD51 paralogue HvXRCC2 affects meiosis and recombination in barley.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Cryo-electron microscopic visualization of RAD51 filament assembly and end-capping by XRCC3-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Cancer mutations in RAD51 and its paralogues.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Detection of bacterial gene expression elements on Tobacco mosaic virus RNA using cDNA analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Efficient high-precision transgene knock-in by Recombinases (Redα/β)-enhanced DNA integration-CRISPR-Cas9 (RED-CRISPR).Nature communications · 2025Article
- RAD51 D-loop structures reveal the mechanism of eukaryotic RAD51-mediated strand exchange.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Could photoperiodic responses have evolved before the emergence of circadian clocks?The New phytologist · 2025Review
- RecA Inhibitor Mitigates Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- ATP hydrolysis-driven structural transitions within the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51 and Dmc1 nucleoprotein filaments.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- NProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- A large C-terminal Rad52 segment acts as a chaperone to Form and Stabilize Rad51 Filaments.Nature communications · 2025Article
- New groups of highly divergent proteins in families as old as cellular life with important biological functions in the ocean.Environmental microbiome · 2025Article
- Biochemical Mechanisms of Genetic Recombination and DNA Repair.Annual review of biochemistry · 2025Review
- Engineering tripartite gene editing machinery for highly efficient non-viral targeted genome integration.Nature communications · 2025Article
- ATP hydrolysis-driven structural transitions within thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A comparative genomic analysis at the chromosomal-level reveals evolutionary patterns of aphid chromosomes.Communications biology · 2025Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
The bacterial recA gene and its eukaryotic homolog RAD51 are important for DNA repair, homologous recombination, and genome stability. Members of the recA/RAD51 family have functions that have differentiated during evolution. However, the evolutionary history and relationships of these members remains unclear. Homolog searches in prokaryotes and eukaryotes indicated that most eubacteria contain only one recA. However, many archaeal species have two recA/RAD51 homologs (RADA and RADB), and eukaryotes possess multiple members (RAD51, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, DMC1, XRCC2, XRCC3, and recA). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the recA/RAD51 family can be divided into three subfamilies: (i) RADalpha, with highly conserved functions; (ii) RADbeta, with relatively divergent functions; and (iii) recA, functioning in eubacteria and eukaryotic organelles. The RADalpha and RADbeta subfamilies each contain archaeal and eukaryotic members, suggesting that a gene duplication occurred before the archaea/eukaryote split. In the RADalpha subfamily, eukaryotic RAD51 and DMC1 genes formed two separate monophyletic groups when archaeal RADA genes were used as an outgroup. This result suggests that another duplication event occurred in the early stage of eukaryotic evolution, producing the DMC1 clade with meiosis-specific genes. The RADbeta subfamily has a basal archaeal clade and five eukaryotic clades, suggesting that four eukaryotic duplication events occurred before animals and plants diverged. The eukaryotic recA genes were detected in plants and protists and showed strikingly high levels of sequence similarity to recA genes from proteobacteria or cyanobacteria. These results suggest that endosymbiotic transfer of recA genes occurred from mitochondria and chloroplasts to nuclear genomes of ancestral eukaryotes.
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