ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine mRNA time course profiles in hamsters infected with a virulent variant of Leptospira interrogans.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identification and validation of stable reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in blood samples from golden Syrian hamsters under different immunological conditions.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Vaccination-Challenge Trials in Beagle Dogs Using Whole-CellPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Screening of Surface-Exposed Lipoproteins ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Inflammatory Signatures of Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Leptospira Infection in Susceptible C3H-HeJ Mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Gene expression is associated with virulence in murine macrophages infected with Leptospira spp.PloS one · 2019Article
- Syrian Hamster as an Animal Model for the Study on Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Severe Leptospirosis Features in the Spleen Indicate Cellular Immunosuppression Similar to That Found in Septic Shock.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Heterologous DNA prime-protein boost immunization with RecA and FliD offers cross-clade protection against leptospiral infection.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Lipidomic analysis of immune activation in equine leptospirosis and Leptospira-vaccinated horses.PloS one · 2018Article
- Leptospirosis Pathophysiology: Into the Storm of Cytokines.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Animal Models of Leptospirosis: Of Mice and Hamsters.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Interaction of Bovine Peripheral Blood Polymorphonuclear Cells and Leptospira Species; Innate Responses in the Natural Bovine Reservoir Host.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the Leptospira interrogans Outer Membrane Protein OmpL37 as a Vaccine Candidate.PloS one · 2015Article
- Protective role of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-2 in mice infected with the Oshima strain of Tick-borne encephalitis virus.Scientific reports · 2014Article
- Induction of boosted immune response in mice by leptospiral surface proteins expressed in fusion with DnaK.BioMed research international · 2014Article
- Responses of murine and human macrophages to leptospiral infection: a study using comparative array analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
- OmpL1 is an extracellular matrix- and plasminogen-interacting protein of Leptospira spp.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Protection against lethal leptospirosis after vaccination with LipL32 coupled or coadministered with the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2012Article
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2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In order to quantify in vivo the mRNAs of cytokines which play important roles in leptospirosis, we have developed quantitative real-time PCR assays for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor beta, and two housekeeping genes (encoding beta-actin and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase). We used a lethal hamster model reflecting severe leptospirosis in humans. The LightCycler system was used to quantify the gene expression levels with the SYBR green I detection format using external standard curves for each target. We compared the expression levels of cytokine mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of both control (uninfected) hamsters and Leptospira interrogans-inoculated hamsters from 1 to 24 h and then 1 to 4 days postinfection. In this kinetic study, there was pronounced expression of Th1 cytokine mRNA (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-12), with transcripts being detected as early as 1 h postinfection. Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-10, was prominent in delayed samples from 1 to 4 days postinfection in response to infection with Leptospira interrogans. Our data are the first to establish that pathogenic leptospires can stimulate in vivo the production of type 1 cytokines involved in cellular immunity by using this informative animal model. Measuring and assessing cytokine profiles may provide a useful method for accurate study of the mechanisms of anti-Leptospira immunity, indications of prognosis factors, and prospective evaluation of leptospirosis vaccine efficacy in humans.
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