ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Early events in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in cynomolgus macaques.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- CCR6 is essential for effective immunity againstInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- The Recent Development in the Diagnosis ofSmart medicine · 2025Review
- How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Type I IFN-mediated NET release promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication and is associated with granuloma caseation.Cell host & microbe · 2024Article
- CD4Immunity · 2024Article
- Antibiotic treatment modestly reduces protection againstInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Antibiotic treatment modestly reduces protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis reinfection in macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- In silico agent-based modeling approach to characterize multiple in vitro tuberculosis infection models.PloS one · 2024Article
- CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CD8+ lymphocytes are critical for early control of tuberculosis in macaques.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- A half-century of research on tuberculosis: Successes and challenges.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal perspectives on tuberculosis chemotherapy.Current opinion in microbiology · 2023Review
- Surveillance of Daughter Micronodule Formation Is a Key Factor for Vaccine Evaluation Using Experimental Infection Models of Tuberculosis in Macaques.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization of natural killer cells in the blood and airways of cynomolgus macaques during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Journal of medical primatology · 2023Article
- Comparative pathology of experimental pulmonary tuberculosis in animal models.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Initial immune response after exposure toFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immune cell interactions in tuberculosis.Cell · 2022Review
- Biomarkers to identifyThe European respiratory journal · 2022Article
- Multimodal profiling of lung granulomas in macaques reveals cellular correlates of tuberculosis control.Immunity · 2022Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Little is known regarding the early events of infection of humans with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The cynomolgus macaque is a useful model of tuberculosis, with strong similarities to human tuberculosis. In this study, eight cynomolgus macaques were infected bronchoscopically with low-dose M. tuberculosis; clinical, immunologic, microbiologic, and pathologic events were assessed 3 to 6 weeks postinfection. Gross pathological abnormalities were observed as early as 3 weeks, including Ghon complex formation by 5 weeks postinfection. Caseous granulomas were observed in the lung as early as 4 weeks postinfection. Only caseous granulomas were observed in the lungs at these early time points, reflecting a rigorous initial response. T-cell activation (CD29 and CD69) and chemokine receptor (CXCR3 and CCR5) expression appeared localized to different anatomic sites. Activation markers were increased on cells from airways and only at modest levels on cells in peripheral blood. The priming of mycobacterium-specific T cells, characterized by the production of gamma interferon occurred slowly, with responses seen only after 4 weeks of infection. These responses were observed from T lymphocytes in blood, airways, and hilar lymph node, with responses predominantly localized to the site of infection. From these studies, we conclude that immune responses to M. tuberculosis are relatively slow in the local and peripheral compartments and that necrosis occurs surprisingly quickly during granuloma formation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.