Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16790747›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2006

Bacillus anthracis phospholipases C facilitate macrophage-associated growth and contribute to virulence in a murine model of inhalation anthrax.

Brian J Heffernan, Brendan Thomason, Amy Herring-Palmer, Lee Shaughnessy, Rod McDonald, Nathan Fisher, Gary B Huffnagle, Philip Hanna

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Phospholipase C: underrated players in microbial infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Bacterial Sphingomyelinases and Phospholipases as Virulence Factors.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Brian J HeffernanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620, USA. pchanna@umich.edu
Brendan Thomason
Amy Herring-Palmer
Lee Shaughnessy
Rod McDonald
Nathan Fisher
Gary B Huffnagle
Philip Hanna
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Cellular Biotechnology Training Program (CBTP) - Years 31-35T32GM145304 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Guizhi Zhu · 2022 to 2026
$2.6M
MACROPHAGE RESPONSES TO B. ANTHRACIS LETHAL TOXINF32AI008649 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI HANNA, PHILIP C · 1992 to 1995
–
NIAID NIH HHS AI08649NIAID NIH HHS N01 AI040059NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145304
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Several models of anthrax pathogenesis suggest that early in the infectious process Bacillus anthracis endospores germinate and outgrow into vegetative bacilli within phagocytes before being released into the blood. Here, we define the respective contributions of three phospholipases C (PLCs) to the pathogenesis of B. anthracis. Genetic deletions of the PLCs were made in the Sterne 7702 background, resulting in the respective loss of their activities. The PLCs were redundant both in tissue culture and in murine models of anthrax. Deletion of all three PLC genes was required for attenuation of virulence in mice after intratracheal inoculation. This attenuation may be attributed to the inability of the PLC-null strain to grow in association with the macrophage. Complementation of these defects in both models of anthrax was achieved by expression of the PLC genes in trans. The functional redundancy between PLCs in the virulence of B. anthracis implies that their activities are important for anthrax pathogenesis.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnthraxBacillus anthracisBone Marrow CellsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGene DeletionIntubation, IntratrachealMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred DBAType C PhospholipasesVirulenceType C Phospholipases

Identifiers

PMID16790747
PMCPMC1489738
OpenAlexW2111794178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.