ArticleJournal of virology2006
Non-macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 envelopes predominate in blood, lymph nodes, and semen: implications for transmission and pathogenesis.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implications of the 375W mutation for HIV-1 tropism and vaccine development.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Brain microglia serve as a persistent HIV reservoir despite durable antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from Infected Macrophages and Dendritic Cells to CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Viruses · 2023Article
- Review
- A minor population of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 variants is identified in recrudescing viremia following analytic treatment interruption.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- What can characterization of cerebrospinal fluid escape populations teach us about viral reservoirs in the central nervous system?AIDS (London, England) · 2019Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Different Patterns of HIV-1 Replication in MACROPHAGES is Led by Co-Receptor Usage.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Selective use of primate CD4 receptors by HIV-1.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- No detection of CD4-independent human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope glycoproteins in brain tissue of patients with or without neurological complications.Archives of virology · 2019Article
- Ultradeep single-molecule real-time sequencing of HIV envelope reveals complete compartmentalization of highly macrophage-tropic R5 proviral variants in brain and CXCR4-using variants in immune and peripheral tissues.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
- Molecular Signatures of HIV-1 Envelope Associated with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- HIV-1 R5 Macrophage-Tropic Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers Bind CD4 with High Affinity, while the CD4 Binding Site on Non-macrophage-tropic, T-Tropic R5 Envelopes Is Occluded.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Evolution of Host Target Cell Specificity During HIV-1 Infection.Current HIV research · 2018Review
- Identification of Emerging Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1 R5 Variants in Brain Tissue of AIDS Patients without Severe Neurological Complications.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- CD4 regulatory T cells augment HIV-1 expression of polarized M1 and M2 monocyte derived macrophages.Virology · 2017Article
- Delineating CD4 dependency of HIV-1: Adaptation to infect low level CD4 expressing target cells widens cellular tropism but severely impacts on envelope functionality.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Myeloid Cell Interaction with HIV: A Complex Relationship.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Article
- Saturation Mutagenesis of the HIV-1 Envelope CD4 Binding Loop Reveals Residues Controlling Distinct Trimer Conformations.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) R5 isolates that predominantly use CCR5 as a coreceptor are frequently described as macrophage tropic. Here, we compare macrophage tropism conferred by HIV-1 R5 envelopes that were derived directly by PCR from patient tissue. This approach avoids potentially selective culture protocols used in virus isolation. Envelopes were amplified (i) from blood and semen of adult patients and (ii) from plasma of pediatric patients. The phenotypes of these envelopes were compared to those conferred by an extended panel of envelopes derived from brain and lymph node that we reported previously. Our results show that R5 envelopes vary by up to 1,000-fold in their capacity to confer infection of primary macrophages. Highly macrophage-tropic envelopes were predominate in brain but were infrequent in semen, blood, and lymph node samples. We also confirmed that the presence of N283 in the C2 CD4 binding site of gp120 is associated with HIV-1 envelopes from the brain but absent from macrophage-tropic envelopes amplified from blood and semen. Finally, we compared infection of macrophages, CD4(+) T cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) conferred by macrophage-tropic and non-macrophage-tropic envelopes in the context of full-length replication competent viral clones. Non-macrophage-tropic envelopes conferred low-level infection of macrophages yet infected CD4(+) T cells and PBMCs as efficiently as highly macrophage-tropic brain envelopes. The lack of macrophage tropism for the majority of the envelopes amplified from lymph node, blood, and semen is striking and contrasts with the current consensus that R5 primary isolates are generally macrophage tropic. The extensive variation in R5 tropism reported here is likely to have an important impact on pathogenesis and on the capacity of HIV-1 to transmit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.