ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2006
Trends in the exposure of nonsmokers in the U.S. population to secondhand smoke: 1988-2002.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 302 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum cotinine cut-points for secondhand smoke exposure assessment in children under 5 years: A systemic review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Caregivers' interest in using smokeless tobacco products: Novel methods that may reduce children's exposure to secondhand smoke.Journal of health psychology · 2016Trial
- Minimal intervention delivered by 2-1-1 information and referral specialists promotes smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers: a Texas generalisation trial.Tobacco control · 2016Trial
- A process evaluation of an intervention to promote home smoking bans among low income households.Evaluation and program planning · 2016Trial
- A Minimal Intervention to Promote Smoke-Free Homes among 2-1-1 Callers: North Carolina Randomized Effectiveness Trial.PloS one · 2016Trial
- A minimal intervention to promote smoke-free homes among 2-1-1 callers: a randomized controlled trial.American journal of public health · 2015Trial
- Implementation of a community-based secondhand smoke reduction intervention for caregivers of urban children with asthma: process evaluation, successes and challenges.Health education research · 2013Trial
- Relationships between self-reported smoking, household environmental tobacco smoke exposure and depressive symptoms in a pregnant minority population.Maternal and child health journal · 2011Trial
- Association between serum cotinine levels and cognitive function in Americans aged 60 and older: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Association Between the Serum Copper Levels and Environmental Tobacco Exposure on the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children: a Study Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- The Diverging Trend in Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Among US Children.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Active smoking in urban households: An association between urinary cotinine metabolite level and serum eGFR concentration.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Crossover Trends in Current Cigarette Smoking Between Racial and Ethnic Groups of US Adolescents Aged 12-19 Years Old, 1999-2018.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and cardiometabolic risk at 12 years: Periods of susceptibility.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Variability in Urinary Nicotine Exposure Biomarker Levels Between Waves 1 (2013-2014) and 2 (2014-2015) in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Associations of childhood and current secondhand smoke exposure at home with current secondhand smoke exposure at work: A cross-sectional analysis of the Singapore multi-ethnic cohort.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Time trend of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between 1995 and 2019 in Germany - Showcases for successful European legislation.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Exploratory analysis of the associations between neonicotinoids and measures of adiposity among US adults: NHANES 2015-2016.Chemosphere · 2022Article
- Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and body composition at 12 years: periods of susceptibility.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the exposure of nonsmokers in the U.S. population to secondhand smoke (SHS) using serum cotinine concentrations measured over a period of 14 years, from October 1988 through December 2002. This study consists of a series of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) measuring serum cotinine as an index of SHS exposure of participants. Study participants were individuals representative of the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population, > or = 4 years of age. We analyzed serum cotinine and interview data from NHANES obtained during surveys conducted during four distinct time periods. Our results document a substantial decline of approximately 70% in serum cotinine concentrations in nonsmokers during this period. This decrease was reflected in all groups within the population regardless of age, sex, or race/ethnicity. The large decrease that we observed in serum cotinine concentrations suggests a substantial reduction in the exposure of the U.S. population to SHS during the 1990s. The exposure of nonsmokers to SHS represents an important public health concern. Our findings suggest that recent public health efforts to reduce such exposures have had an important effect, although children and non-Hispanic black nonsmokers show relatively higher levels of serum cotinine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.