ArticleThe Plant cell2006
Silencing the flavonoid pathway in Medicago truncatula inhibits root nodule formation and prevents auxin transport regulation by rhizobia.
Article in The Plant cell, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers.
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142 citing papers in PubMed, 414 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial Variation in Nodule Flavonoids of Soybean by Exogenous Nitrogen.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic Comparison of Soybean Roots Inoculated with Different Rhizobium Strains During Early Symbiosis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolutionary Repurposing of Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Development and Symbiosis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Medicago SPX1/3-PHR2 network relays phosphate signaling to orchestrate root nodulation-dependent nitrogen acquisition by controlling flavonoid biosynthesis.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Transcriptome analysis reveals long noncoding RNAs involved in the tuber anthocyanin synthesis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Advances in single-cell and spatial omics for studying symbiotic nitrogen fixation: comparative cellular and evolutionary perspectives.Genome biology · 2026Review
- An NSP2-MYB module orchestrates flavonoid biosynthesis and nodule symbiosis.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Article
- An integrated transcriptome, metabolome, and microbiome dataset of Populus under nutrient-poor conditions.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Nodule organogenesis in Medicago truncatula requires local stage-specific auxin biosynthesis and transport.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Legume-specific recruitment of rhizobia by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Mechanism of nodulation and nitrogen fixation in Caucasian clover (Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Article
- Phenoxyacetic acid enhances nodulation symbiosis during the rapid growth stage of soybean.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- UDP-glucosyltransferase 71C4 controls the flux of phenylpropanoid metabolism to shape cotton seed development.Plant communications · 2024Article
- Relay intercropped soybean promotes nodules development and nitrogen fixation by root exudates deposition.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of isoflavonoids in model plants and crops: a review.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis impacts root hair development and symbiotic associations in Lotus japonicus.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Rhizosphere frame system enables nondestructive live-imaging of legume-rhizobium interactions in the soil.Journal of plant research · 2023Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Legumes form symbioses with rhizobia, which initiate the development of a new plant organ, the nodule. Flavonoids have long been hypothesized to regulate nodule development through their action as auxin transport inhibitors, but genetic proof has been missing. To test this hypothesis, we used RNA interference to silence chalcone synthase (CHS), the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of the flavonoid pathway, in Medicago truncatula. Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation was used to create hairy roots that showed strongly reduced CHS transcript levels and reduced levels of flavonoids in silenced roots. Flavonoid-deficient roots were unable to initiate nodules, even though normal root hair curling was observed. Nodule formation and flavonoid accumulation could be rescued by supplementation of plants with the precursor flavonoids naringenin and liquiritigenin. The flavonoid-deficient roots showed increased auxin transport compared with control roots. Inoculation with rhizobia reduced auxin transport in control roots after 24 h, similar to the action of the auxin transport inhibitor N-(1-naphthyl)phthalamic acid (NPA). Rhizobia were unable to reduce auxin transport in flavonoid-deficient roots, even though NPA inhibited auxin transport. Our results present genetic evidence that root flavonoids are necessary for nodule initiation in M. truncatula and suggest that they act as auxin transport regulators.
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