ArticleJournal of virology2006
The hypervariable immunodominant NP418-426 epitope from the influenza A virus nucleoprotein is recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes with high functional avidity.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Design and evaluation of a poly-epitope based vaccine for the induction of influenza A virus cross-reactive CD8 + T cell responses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- H1N1pdm09 Influenza Virus and Its Descendants Lack Extra-epitopic Amino Acid Residues Associated With Reduced Recognition by M158-66-Specific CD8+ T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Variation at Extra-epitopic Amino Acid Residues Influences Suppression of Influenza Virus Replication by M1Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Increased Protein Degradation Improves Influenza Virus Nucleoprotein-Specific CD8+ T Cell Activation In Vitro but Not in C57BL/6 Mice.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Differential Recognition of Influenza A Viruses by M158-66 Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cells Is Determined by Extraepitopic Amino Acid Residues.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Immunodominant responses to the influenza virus M158-66 epitope: Stealth or protection?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Detection of site-specific positive Darwinian selection on pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus genome: integrative approaches.Genetica · 2013Article
- T-cell tolerance for variability in an HLA class I-presented influenza A virus epitope.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- HLA class I molecules consistently present internal influenza epitopes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009Article
- Structure of the influenza virus A H5N1 nucleoprotein: implications for RNA binding, oligomerization, and vaccine design.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2008Article
- Prevention of cytotoxic T cell escape using a heteroclitic subdominant viral T cell determinant.PLoS pathogens · 2008Article
- The loss of immunodominant epitopes affects interferon-gamma production and lytic activity of the human influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in vitro.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2007Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Recently it was shown that influenza A viruses can accumulate mutations in epitopes associated with escape from recognition by human virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). It is unclear what drives diversification of CTL epitopes and why certain epitopes are variable and others remain conserved. It has been shown that simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CTL that recognize their epitope with high functional avidity eliminate virus-infected cells efficiently and drive diversification of CTL epitopes. T-cell functional avidity is defined by the density of major histocompatibility complex class I peptide complexes required to activate specific CTL. We hypothesized that functional avidity of CTL contributes to epitope diversification and escape from CTL also for influenza viruses. To test this hypothesis, the functional avidity of polyclonal CTL populations specific for nine individual epitopes was determined. To this end, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HLA-A- and -B-genotyped individuals were stimulated in vitro with influenza virus-infected cells to allow expansion of virus-specific CTL, which were used to determine the functional avidity of CTL specific for nine individual epitopes in enzyme-linked immunospot assays. We found that the functional avidity for the respective epitopes varied widely. Furthermore, the functional avidity of CTL specific for the hypervariable NP(418-426) epitope was significantly higher than that of CTL recognizing other epitopes (P < 0.01). It was speculated that the high functional avidity of NP(418-426)-specific CTL was responsible for the diversification of this influenza A virus CTL epitope.
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