ArticlePharmaceutical research2006
Effect of oropharyngeal length in drug lung delivery via suspension pressurized metered dose inhalers.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The interaction between the oropharyngeal geometry and aerosols via pressurised metered dose inhalers.Pharmaceutical research · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine the effect of the oropharyngeal length in adults on the lung dose of a suspension pressurized metered dose inhaler, and whether employing small volume spacers can alter this role.
methodsDepositions of Ventolin Evohaler (100) microg in the oropharyngeal models of two healthy adult subjects with 17.1 cm (short cast) and 19.9 cm (long cast) centerline lengths via three small volume spacers [two spacers with 3 cm effective length but one with 6.5 cm2 (L3) and the other with 24.6 cm2 (L3W) cross sections, and the Optimiser] were studied.
resultsWithout using spacers, lung dose of the long cast (19.52 +/- 2.32 microg, mean +/- standard deviation) was significantly larger than that for the short cast (8.08 +/- 1.01 microg, p < 0.006). However, using the L3 spacer with the short cast made the lung dose (18.59 +/- 3.33 microg) similar to that for the long cast alone. Lung doses of the short cast (20.43 +/- 1.42 microg) and the long cast (30.81 +/- 1.84 microg) with the L3W spacer were similar to those with the L3 spacer. However, using the Optimiser spacer increased the lung dose for the short cast (22.27 +/- 6.03 microg) and significantly for the long cast (35.61 +/- 2.19 microg, p < 0.006) compared to those for the L3 spacer. Using spacers increased drug deposition in the oropharynx part of the short cast, and this reduced the lung dose compared to that for the long cast.
conclusionThe oropharyngeal length in adults may affect the lung dose via the pMDIs, which may not be eliminated by using small volume spacers.
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