ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2006
Reprogramming of antiviral T cells prevents inactivation and restores T cell activity during persistent viral infection.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional Type I and Type II interferon crosstalk restricts progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells through spatial exclusion and checkpoint enforcement.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immune Exhaustion in Chronic Infection and Cancer: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Regulation of T cell exhaustion and stemness: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Revitalizing T cells: breakthroughs and challenges in overcoming T cell exhaustion.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Non-Viral Therapy in COVID-19: Where Are We Standing? How Our Experience with COVID May Help Us Develop Cell Therapies for Long COVID Patients.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and Epstein-Barr virus.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Lymph node macrophages drive immune tolerance and resistance to cancer therapy by induction of the immune-regulatory cytokine IL-33.Cancer cell · 2025Article
- T Cell Exhaustion in Allergic Diseases and Allergen Immunotherapy: A Novel Biomarker?Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- Possibility of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- IL-27 expression regulation and its effects on adaptive immunity against viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Molecular, metabolic, and functional CD4 T cell paralysis in the lymph node impedes tumor control.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Let-7 enhances murine anti-tumor CD8 T cell responses by promoting memory and antagonizing terminal differentiation.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Regulation of CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Review
- Long-term persistence and functionality of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells with genetically ablated PD-1 expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Population dynamics and gene regulation of T cells in response to chronic antigen stimulation.International immunology · 2023Review
- The development of CD8 T-cell exhaustion heterogeneity and the therapeutic potentials in cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The transcription factor IRF2 drives interferon-mediated CD8Immunity · 2022Article
- Antigen-Specific T Cells and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Current Approaches and Future Possibilities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Knowns and Unknowns about CAR-T Cell Dysfunction.Cancers · 2022Review
- The Basis and Advances in Clinical Application of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cell Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Failure to clear persistent viral infections results from the early loss of T cell activity. A pertinent question is whether the immune response is programmed to fail or if nonresponsive T cells can specifically be fixed to eliminate infection. Although evidence indicates that T cell expansion is permanently programmed during the initial priming events, the mechanisms that determine the acquisition of T cell function are less clear. Herein we show that in contrast to expansion, the functional programming of T cell effector and memory responses in vivo in mice is not hardwired during priming but is alterable and responsive to continuous instruction from the antigenic environment. As a direct consequence, dysfunctional T cells can be functionally reactivated during persistent infection even after an initial program of inactivation has been instituted. We also show that early therapeutic reductions in viral replication facilitate the preservation of antiviral CD4+ T cell activity, enabling the long-term control of viral replication. Thus, dysfunctional antiviral T cells can regain activity, providing a basis for future therapeutic strategies to treat persistent viral infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.