Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16704732›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2006

Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood.

Chana Palmer, Maximilian Diehn, Ash A Alizadeh, Patrick O Brown

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 194 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
194citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04052048 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

A Multi-center, Prospective Active Surveillance Registry Trial Assessing the Performance of a Non-invasive Immunogenomic Blood Test for Indolent Prostate Cancer Disease Management.

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorImmunis.AIRan2019 to 2029Enrolled2,000ConditionsProstate Cancer AggressivenessArmsSubtraction Normalized Expression of Phagocytes Blood Test
NCT05370300 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Subtraction Normalized Aggregated Phagocytic Signal in Peripheral Blood of Breast Cancer Patients (SNAPS - Clinical Trial) A NextGen RNASeq Feasibility Study of a Blood-based Model for Early Cancer Detection and Surveillance

TypeobservationalSponsorImmunis.AIRan2025 to 2027Enrolled500ConditionsBreast Cancer, Breast Cancer FemaleArmsBlood test
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

194 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
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  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  11. Hormone Receptor-Positive HER2-Negative/MammaPrint High-2 Breast Cancers Closely Resemble Triple-Negative Breast Cancers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Signature Proteins in Small Extracellular Vesicles of Granulocytes and CD4International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

134 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chana PalmerDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA. cpalmer@stanford.edu
Maximilian Diehn
Ash A Alizadeh
Patrick O Brown

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007365 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHUA, KATRIN F · 1985 to 2021
$33.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM07365NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007365
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBlood is a complex tissue comprising numerous cell types with distinct functions and corresponding gene expression profiles. We attempted to define the cell type specific gene expression patterns for the major constituent cells of blood, including B-cells, CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, lymphocytes and granulocytes. We did this by comparing the global gene expression profiles of purified B-cells, CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, granulocytes, and lymphocytes using cDNA microarrays.

resultsUnsupervised clustering analysis showed that similar cell populations from different donors share common gene expression profiles. Supervised analyses identified gene expression signatures for B-cells (427 genes), T-cells (222 genes), CD8+ T-cells (23 genes), granulocytes (411 genes), and lymphocytes (67 genes). No statistically significant gene expression signature was identified for CD4+ cells. Genes encoding cell surface proteins were disproportionately represented among the genes that distinguished among the lymphocyte subpopulations. Lymphocytes were distinguishable from granulocytes based on their higher levels of expression of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, while granulocytes exhibited characteristic expression of various cell surface and inflammatory proteins.

conclusionThe genes comprising the cell-type specific signatures encompassed many of the genes already known to be involved in cell-type specific processes, and provided clues that may prove useful in discovering the functions of many still unannotated genes. The most prominent feature of the cell type signature genes was the enrichment of genes encoding cell surface proteins, perhaps reflecting the importance of specialized systems for sensing the environment to the physiology of resting leukocytes.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingAdultBlood CellsB-LymphocytesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell SeparationFemaleGenesGranulocytesHumansLeukocytesMaleMiddle AgedOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisOrgan Specificity

Identifiers

PMID16704732
PMCPMC1479811

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.