GuidelineIntensive care medicine2006
Consensus guidelines on sedation and analgesia in critically ill children.
Guideline in Intensive care medicine, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04684238 (A Randomised Active-controlled Study to Compare Efficacy & Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered by the AnaConDa-S), which is not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised Active-controlled Study to Compare Efficacy & Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered by the AnaConDa-S (Anaesthetic Conserving Device) vs IV Midazolam for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Paediatric Patients 3-17 Years Old
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Nurse-Driven Analgesia and Sedation Protocols on Medication Exposure and Withdrawal in Critically Ill Children: A Systematic Review.Nursing in critical care · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Assessment and treatment of the withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care units: Systematic review.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Optimal sedation in pediatric intensive care patients: a systematic review.Intensive care medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Protocolized versus non-protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill paediatric patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Pupillometry for pain assessment in noncommunicating children in the pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective accuracy study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Fentanyl in Combination with Midazolam in Children on Mechanical Ventilation.Journal of Korean medical science · 2019Trial
- Sedation Management in Children Supported on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Acute Respiratory Failure.Critical care medicine · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Patterns of Sedation Weaning in Critically Ill Children Recovering From Acute Respiratory Failure.Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2016Trial
- Daily interruption of sedation in critically ill children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Trials · 2014Trial
- Remifentanil/midazolam versus fentanyl/midazolam for analgesia and sedation of mechanically ventilated neonates and young infants: a randomized controlled trial.Intensive care medicine · 2012Trial
- Remifentanil and propofol for weaning of mechanically ventilated pediatric intensive care patients.European journal of pediatrics · 2011Trial
- Pilot safety study of low-dose vasopressin in non-septic critically ill children.Intensive care medicine · 2009Trial
- Association of Music Therapy and Physiologic Indices in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: Insights from Machine Learning and High-fidelity Physiologic Data.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Sedation in Critically Ill Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Use of lorazepam for analgosedation during mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Intravenous Methadone Dosing Schedule on Iatrogenic Withdrawal Syndrome in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2024Article
- Enteral Pentobarbital in the Difficult to Sedate Critically Ill Children.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2024Article
- Ketamine Clinical Use on the Pediatric Critically Ill Infant: A Global Bibliometric and Critical Review of Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe United Kingdom Paediatric Intensive Care Society Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade Working Group is a multi-disciplinary expert panel created to produce consensus guidelines on sedation and analgesia in critically ill children and forward knowledge in these areas. Sedation and analgesia are recognised as important areas of critical care practice and adult clinical practice guidelines in these fields remain amongst the most popular of those produced by the Society of Critical Care Medicine. However, similar clinical practice guidelines have not previously been produced for the critically ill paediatric patient.
designA modified Delphi technique was used to allow the Working Group to anonymously consider draft recommendations in three Delphi rounds with predetermined levels of agreement. This process was supported by a total of four consensus conferences. Once consensus had been reached, a systematic review of the available literature was carried out. OUTCOME: A set of consensus guidelines was produced including 20 key recommendations, 10 relating to the provision of analgesia and 10 relating to the sedation of critically ill children. An evaluation of the existing literature supporting these recommendations is provided.
conclusionsMulti-disciplinary consensus guidelines for maintenance sedation and analgesia in critically ill children have been successfully produced and are supported by levels of evidence (excluding sedation and analgesia for procedures and excluding neonates). The working group has highlighted the paucity of high-quality evidence in these important clinical areas and this emphasises the need for further randomised clinical trials in this area.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.