ArticleJournal of virology2006
Gamma interferon plays a crucial early antiviral role in protection against West Nile virus infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL-1β signaling promotes CNS-intrinsic immune control of West Nile virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- Development of antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells following live-attenuated chimeric West Nile virus vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Immunological Interactions Between Gammadelta T Cells and West Nile Virus in the Infected Host.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Immune signaling and function in neurodegeneration.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Neuron-restricted cytomegalovirus latency in the central nervous system regulated by CD4Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The significance of mosquito saliva in arbovirus transmission and pathogenesis in the vertebrate host.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- JAK Signaling Is Critically Important in Cytokine-Induced Viral Susceptibility of Keratinocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Interleukins, Chemokines, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Ligands in the Pathogenesis of West Nile Virus Infection.Viruses · 2023Review
- Zika virus noncoding RNA cooperates with the viral protein NS5 to inhibit STAT1 phosphorylation and facilitate viral pathogenesis.Science advances · 2022Article
- Article
- IncreasedViruses · 2022Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation.Virulence · 2021Article
- Conserved Gammaherpesvirus Protein Kinase Counters the Antiviral Effects of Myeloid Cell-Specific STAT1 Expression To Promote the Establishment of Splenic B Cell Latency.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Review
- Novel Vaccine Technologies in Veterinary Medicine: A Herald to Human Medicine Vaccines.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Long-term, West Nile virus-induced neurological changes: A comparison of patients and rodent models.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Review
- Evidence for Anti-Viral Effects of Complete Freund's Adjuvant in the Mouse Model of Enterovirus Infection.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Type II interferon signaling in the brain during a viral infection with age-dependent pathogenesis.Developmental neurobiology · 2020Article
- Review
- Allo-priming as a universal anti-viral vaccine: protecting elderly from current COVID-19 and any future unknown viral outbreak.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) causes a severe central nervous system (CNS) infection in humans, primarily in the elderly and immunocompromised. Prior studies have established an essential protective role of several innate immune response elements, including alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta), immunoglobulin M, gammadelta T cells, and complement against WNV infection. In this study, we demonstrate that a lack of IFN-gamma production or signaling results in increased vulnerability to lethal WNV infection by a subcutaneous route in mice, with a rise in mortality from 30% (wild-type mice) to 90% (IFN-gamma(-/-) or IFN-gammaR(-/-) mice) and a decrease in the average survival time. This survival pattern in IFN-gamma(-/-) and IFN-gammaR(-/-) mice correlated with higher viremia and greater viral replication in lymphoid tissues. The increase in peripheral infection led to early CNS seeding since infectious WNV was detected several days earlier in the brains and spinal cords of IFN-gamma(-/-) or IFN-gammaR(-/-) mice. Bone marrow reconstitution experiments showed that gammadelta T cells require IFN-gamma to limit dissemination by WNV. Moreover, treatment of primary dendritic cells with IFN-gamma reduced WNV production by 130-fold. Collectively, our experiments suggest that the dominant protective role of IFN-gamma against WNV is antiviral in nature, occurs in peripheral lymphoid tissues, and prevents viral dissemination to the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.