ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
kappa-casein-deficient mice fail to lactate.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zearalenone Depresses Lactation Capacity Through the ROS-Mediated PI3K/AKT Pathway.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Hexokinase 1 and 2 mediates glucose utilization to regulate the synthesis of kappa casein via ribosome protein subunit 6 kinase 1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2024Article
- Milk somatic cell DNA isolation and characterization of κ-casein gene in Halari donkey milk.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs in mammary gland tissues of Chinese Holstein cows.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Colostrum Features of Active and Recovered COVID-19 Patients Revealed Using Next-Generation Proteomics Technique, SWATH-MS.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cell-specific and shared regulatory elements control a multigene locus active in mammary and salivary glands.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Using QTL to Identify Genes and Pathways Underlying the Regulation and Production of Milk Components in Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Caseins: Versatility of Their Micellar Organization in Relation to the Functional and Nutritional Properties of Milk.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Dynamic miRNA Landscape Links Mammary Gland Development to the Regulation of Milk Protein Expression in Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Review: Genetic and protein variants of milk caseins in goats.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
- Implications of kappa-casein evolutionary diversity for the self-assembly and aggregation of casein micelles.Royal Society open science · 2019Article
- Sensing Tryptophan Microenvironment of Amyloid Protein Utilizing Wavelength-Selective Fluorescence Approach.Journal of fluorescence · 2017Article
- Ratio of dietary rumen degradable protein to rumen undegradable protein affects nitrogen partitioning but does not affect the bovine milk proteome produced by mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows.Journal of dairy science · 2017Article
- A novel highly divergent protein family identified from a viviparous insect by RNA-seq analysis: a potential target for tsetse fly-specific abortifacients.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- The pathogenic mechanism of the Mycobacterium ulcerans virulence factor, mycolactone, depends on blockade of protein translocation into the ER.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Csn3 gene is regulated by all-trans retinoic acid during neural differentiation in mouse P19 cells.PloS one · 2013Article
- Targeted microRNA expression in dairy cattle directs production of β-lactoglobulin-free, high-casein milk.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Cidea is an essential transcriptional coactivator regulating mammary gland secretion of milk lipids.Nature medicine · 2012Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acquisition of milk production capabilities by an ancestor of mammals is at the root of mammalian evolution. Milk casein micelles are a primary source of amino acids and calcium phosphate to neonates. To understand the role of kappa-casein in lactation, we have created and characterized a null mouse strain (Csnk-/-) lacking this gene. The mutant kappa-casein allele did not affect the expression of other milk proteins in Csnk-/- females. However, these females did not suckle their pups and failed to lactate because of destabilization of the micelles in the lumina of the mammary gland. Thus, kappa-casein is essential for lactation and, consequently, for the successful completion of the process of reproduction in mammals. In view of the extreme structural conservation of the casein locus, as well as the phenotype of Csnk-/- females, we propose that the organization of a functional kappa-casein gene would have been one of the critical events in the evolution of mammals. Further, kappa-casein variants are known to affect the industrial properties of milk in dairy animals. Given the expenses and the time scale of such experiments in livestock species, it is desirable to model the intended genetic modifications in mice first. The mouse strain that we have created would be a useful model to study the effect of kappa-casein variants on the properties of milk and/or milk products.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.