Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16687732›Full record

ArticleGenome research2006

Evolutionary turnover of mammalian transcription start sites.

Martin C Frith, Jasmina Ponjavic, David Fredman, Chikatoshi Kai, Jun Kawai, Piero Carninci, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Yoshihide Hayshizaki, Albin Sandelin

Erratum issuedAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Roles of transposable elements and DNA methylation in the formation of CpG islands and CpG-depleted regulatory elements.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
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  13. Article
  14. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Transcription start site evolution in Drosophila.Molecular biology and evolution · 2013
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
    Hayshizaki, Yoshihide [corrected to Hayashizaki, Yoshihide]
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Martin C FrithGenome Exploration Research Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Centre (GSC), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
Jasmina Ponjavic
David Fredman
Chikatoshi Kai
Jun Kawai
Piero Carninci
Yoshihide Hayashizaki
Yoshihide Hayshizaki
Albin Sandelin

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alignments of homologous genomic sequences are widely used to identify functional genetic elements and study their evolution. Most studies tacitly equate homology of functional elements with sequence homology. This assumption is violated by the phenomenon of turnover, in which functionally equivalent elements reside at locations that are nonorthologous at the sequence level. Turnover has been demonstrated previously for transcription-factor-binding sites. Here, we show that transcription start sites of equivalent genes do not always reside at equivalent locations in the human and mouse genomes. We also identify two types of partial turnover, illustrating evolutionary pathways that could lead to complete turnover. These findings suggest that the signals encoding transcription start sites are highly flexible and evolvable, and have cautionary implications for the use of sequence-level conservation to detect gene regulatory elements.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularTranscription Initiation SiteAnimalsCpG IslandsGene LibraryGenomeHumansMicePromoter Regions, GeneticSequence Alignment

Identifiers

PMID16687732
PMCPMC1473182

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.