ReviewRespiratory research2006
Muscarinic receptor signaling in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD.
Review in Respiratory research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04061161 (Anti-inflammatory Effects of Tiotropium in Patients with Stable COPD- a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 160 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Tiotropium in Patients with Stable COPD- a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 403 citations in OpenAlex.
- A molecular systems architecture of asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of inhaled anticholinergics on bronchial secretions: a systematic review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of long-acting muscarinic antagonists on mucus hypersecretion and cough in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus the same dose of ICS alone for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus higher dose ICS for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus addition of long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- The Impact of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists on Airway Inflammation: A Systematic Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePooled it
- Trial
- Overcoming beta-agonist tolerance: high dose salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. Two randomised controlled trials.Respiratory research · 2007Trial
- Safety and Dose Study of Targeted Lung Denervation in Moderate/Severe COPD Patients.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseasesTrial
- Trial
- Viral Induced Hypersecretion of Mucous (VIper): Proposal for a Distinct Phenotype of Viral Induced Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- TDP-43 promotes allergen-induced inflammation and influenza A virus replication in airway epithelium.Nature communications · 2026Article
- β-Hydroxybutyrate attenuates bronchial smooth muscle proinflammatory cytokine production and contraction.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Asthma endotypes and theratypes.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Tramadol for treatment of neurogenic cough: a retrospective case series.The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2026Article
- Integrating GPCR Regulation and Calcium Dynamics in Airway Smooth Muscle Function: A Comprehensive Review.Cells · 2026Review
- Neuroplasticity and neuroimmune interactions with type 2 inflammation in asthma.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for the Treatment of Difficult-to-Treat and Severe Asthma: A Narrative Review Focusing on Inflammation from Bench to Bedside.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anticholinergics are widely used for the treatment of COPD, and to a lesser extent for asthma. Primarily used as bronchodilators, they reverse the action of vagally derived acetylcholine on airway smooth muscle contraction. Recent novel studies suggest that the effects of anticholinergics likely extend far beyond inducing bronchodilation, as the novel anticholinergic drug tiotropium bromide can effectively inhibit accelerated decline of lung function in COPD patients. Vagal tone is increased in airway inflammation associated with asthma and COPD; this results from exaggerated acetylcholine release and enhanced expression of downstream signaling components in airway smooth muscle. Vagally derived acetylcholine also regulates mucus production in the airways. A number of recent research papers also indicate that acetylcholine, acting through muscarinic receptors, may in part regulate pathological changes associated with airway remodeling. Muscarinic receptor signalling regulates airway smooth muscle thickening and differentiation, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, acetylcholine and its synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyl transferase (ChAT), are ubiquitously expressed throughout the airways. Most notably epithelial cells and inflammatory cells generate acetylcholine, and express functional muscarinic receptors. Interestingly, recent work indicates the expression and function of muscarinic receptors on neutrophils is increased in COPD. Considering the potential broad role for endogenous acetylcholine in airway biology, this review summarizes established and novel aspects of muscarinic receptor signaling in relation to the pathophysiology and treatment of asthma and COPD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.