ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2006
Occurrence of natural Bacillus thuringiensis contaminants and residues of Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticides on fresh fruits and vegetables.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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20 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Food and feed safety of the Bacillus thuringiensis derived protein Vpb4Da2, a novel protein for control of western corn rootworm.PloS one · 2022Article
- Recombinant Paraprobiotics as a New Paradigm for Treating Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites of Humans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Vegetative Insecticidal Protein (Vip): A Potential Contender FromFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Comparative phenotypic, genotypic and genomic analyses of Bacillus thuringiensis associated with foodborne outbreaks in France.PloS one · 2021Article
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- Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Biopesticidal Origin ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Enteropathogenic Potential ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Detection and Identification ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- In defense of Bacillus thuringiensis, the safest and most successful microbial insecticide available to humanity - a response to EFSA.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2017Article
- Transferrin ImpactsBioMed research international · 2016Article
- The food and environmental safety of Bt crops.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Review
- Production of protocatechuic acid in Bacillus Thuringiensis ATCC33679.International journal of molecular sciences · 2012Article
- Plasmid capture by the Bacillus thuringiensis conjugative plasmid pXO16.Journal of bacteriology · 2009Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A total of 128 Bacillus cereus-like strains isolated from fresh fruits and vegetables for sale in retail shops in Denmark were characterized. Of these strains, 39% (50/128) were classified as Bacillus thuringiensis on the basis of their content of cry genes determined by PCR or crystal proteins visualized by microscopy. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and plasmid profiling indicated that 23 of the 50 B. thuringiensis strains were of the same subtype as B. thuringiensis strains used as commercial bioinsecticides. Fourteen isolates were indistinguishable from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD1 present in the products Dipel, Biobit, and Foray, and nine isolates grouped with B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai present in Turex. The commercial strains were primarily isolated from samples of tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers. A multiplex PCR method was developed to simultaneously detect all three genes in the enterotoxin hemolysin BL (HBL) and the nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE), respectively. This revealed that the frequency of these enterotoxin genes was higher among the strains indistinguishable from the commercial strains than among the other B. thuringiensis and B. cereus-like strains isolated from fruits and vegetables. The same was seen for a third enterotoxin, CytK. In conclusion, the present study strongly indicates that residues of B. thuringiensis-based insecticides can be found on fresh fruits and vegetables and that these are potentially enterotoxigenic.
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