Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2006
Evaluation of prime/boost regimens using recombinant poxvirus/tyrosinase vaccines for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- An integrated genome-wide approach to discover tumor-specific antigens as potential immunologic and clinical targets in cancer.Cancer research · 2012Pooled it
- Efficacy, Safety and Predictive Biomarkers of Oncolytic Virus Therapy in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Differential organ-specific tumor response to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer-a retrospective cohort study.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- A systematic analysis on the clinical safety and efficacy of onco-virotherapy.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Exploiting Tumor Neoantigens to Target Cancer Evolution: Current Challenges and Promising Therapeutic Approaches.Cancer discovery · 2021Review
- Heterologous Prime Boost Vaccination Induces Protective Melanoma-Specific CD8Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- Differential Organ-Specific Tumor Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver cancer · 2019Article
- Safety and immunologic correlates of Melanoma GVAX, a GM-CSF secreting allogeneic melanoma cell vaccine administered in the adjuvant setting.Journal of translational medicine · 2015Article
- The evolution of poxvirus vaccines.Viruses · 2015Review
- Mouse model for pre-clinical study of human cancer immunotherapy.Current protocols in immunology · 2015Article
- Therapeutic cancer vaccines: are we there yet?Immunological reviews · 2011Review
- Interleukin-13 receptor α2 DNA prime boost vaccine induces tumor immunity in murine tumor models.Journal of translational medicine · 2010Article
- DNA vaccination: using the patient's immune system to overcome cancer.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2010Review
- Vesicular stomatitis virus as a novel cancer vaccine vector to prime antitumor immunity amenable to rapid boosting with adenovirus.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2009Article
- Viral vector-based therapeutic cancer vaccines.Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTwo clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and immunologic impact of vaccination against the tyrosinase protein plus systemic interleukin 2 (IL-2) administration in patients with advanced metastatic melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL
designFull-length tyrosinase was employed as an immunogen to induce diverse immunologic responses against a commonly expressed melanoma antigen. Heterologous prime/boost vaccination with recombinant vaccinia and fowlpox vectors encoding tyrosinase was first explored in a randomized three-arm phase II trial, in which vaccines were administered alone or concurrently with low-dose or high-dose IL-2. In a subsequent single cohort phase II trial, all patients received the same vaccines and high-dose IL-2 sequentially rather than concurrently.
resultsAmong a total of 64 patients treated on these trials, 8 objective partial responses (12.5%) were observed, all in patients receiving high-dose IL-2. Additional patients showed evidence of lesional regression (mixed tumor response) or overall regression that did not achieve partial response status (minor response). In vitro evidence of enhanced immunity against tyrosinase following protocol treatments was documented in 3 of 49 (6%) patients tested serologically, 3 of 23 (13%) patients tested for T-cell recognition of individual tyrosinase peptides, and 4 of 16 (25%) patients tested for T-cell recognition of full-length tyrosinase protein with real-time reverse transcription-PCR techniques.
conclusionsWhereas prime/boost immunization with recombinant vaccinia and fowlpox viruses enhanced antityrosinase immunity in some patients with metastatic melanoma, it was ineffective alone in mediating clinical benefit, and in combination with IL-2 did not mediate clinical benefit significantly different from that expected from treatment with IL-2 alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.