ArticleExperimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)2006
Retinoic acid exerts dual regulatory actions on the expression and nuclear localization of interferon regulatory factor-1.
Article in Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the biological effects of various radiation therapies for keloids by single-cell RNA sequencing reveals IRF1 as a novel target in keloid therapy.Fundamental research · 2026Article
- IFN𝛾 and IFN𝛾 mimetics prevent IFN-I-mediated TB susceptibility by regulating iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Distinct and Additive Effects of Long Noncoding RNA-expression and Retinoic Acid-treatment During Neuronal Differentiation of Human Neuroblastoma Cells.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Article
- Control of epithelial homeostasis by apical polarity: it takes a network.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Article
- Retinoic acid differently modulates NOD1/NOD2-mediated inflammatory responses in human macrophage subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Multilayer omics analysis reveals a non-classical retinoic acid signaling axis that regulates hematopoietic stem cell identity.Cell stem cell · 2022Article
- All-Trans Retinoic Acid Exhibits Antiviral Effect against SARS-CoV-2 by Inhibiting 3CLpro Activity.Viruses · 2021Article
- Understanding the Action of RARγ Agonists on Human Osteochondroma Explants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- CD38-Mediated Immunosuppression as a Mechanism of Tumor Cell Escape from PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade.Cancer discovery · 2018Article
- Translational Potential of Therapeutics Targeting Regulatory Myeloid Cells in Tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Profiling of the transcriptional response to all-trans retinoic acid in breast cancer cells reveals RARE-independent mechanisms of gene expression.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- An Effective Model of the Retinoic Acid Induced HL-60 Differentiation Program.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Induced myelomonocytic differentiation in leukemia cells is accompanied by noncanonical transcription factor expression.FEBS open bio · 2015Article
- In vitro inhibition of mumps virus by retinoids.Virology journal · 2013Article
- Evaluation of cloned cells, animal model, and ATRA sensitivity of human testicular yolk sac tumor.Journal of translational medicine · 2012Article
- Expression of interferon regulatory factor-1 in the mouse cumulus-oocyte complex is negatively related with oocyte maturation.Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine · 2011Article
- Article
- Retinoic acid therapy attenuates the severity of tuberculosis while altering lymphocyte and macrophage numbers and cytokine expression in rats infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The Journal of nutrition · 2007Article
- Distinct mechanisms of loss of IFN-gamma mediated HLA class I inducibility in two melanoma cell lines.BMC cancer · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), a transcription factor and tumor suppressor involved in cell growth regulation and immune responses, has been shown to be induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). However, the factors controlling the cellular location and activity of IRF-1 are not well understood. In this study, we examined the expression of IRF-1 and its nuclear localization, DNA-binding activity, and target gene expression in human mammary epithelial MCF10A cells, a model of breast epithelial cell differentiation and carcinogenesis. Following initial treatment with ATRA, IRF-1 mRNA and protein were induced within 2 hrs, reached a peak (>30-fold induction) at 8 hrs, and declined afterwards. IRF-1 protein was predominantly cytoplasmic during this treatment. Although a second dose of ATRA or Am580 (a related retinoid selective for retinoic acid receptor-alpha [RARalpha]), given 16 hrs after the first dose, restimulated IRF-1 mRNA and protein levels to a similar level to that obtained by the first dose, IRF-1 was predominantly concentrated in the nucleus after restimulation. ATRA and Am580 also increased nuclear RARalpha, whereas retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRalpha)--a dimerization partner for RARalpha, was localized to the nucleus upon second exposure to ATRA. However, ATRA and Am580 did not regulate the expression or activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1), a transcription factor capable of inducing the expression of IRF-1, indicating an STAT-1-independent mechanism of regulation by ATRA and Am580. The increase in nuclear IRF-1 after retinoid restimulation was accompanied by enhanced binding to an IRF-E DNA response element, and elevated expression of an IRF-1 target gene, 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-2. The dual effect of retinoids in increasing IRF-1 mRNA and protein and in augmenting the nuclear localization of IRF-1 protein may be essential for maximizing the tumor suppressor activity and the immunosurveillance functions of IRF-1 in breast epithelial cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.