Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16625427›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics2006

Disease progression and pharmacodynamics in Parkinson disease - evidence for functional protection with levodopa and other treatments.

Nicholas H G Holford, Phylinda L S Chan, John G Nutt, Karl Kieburtz, Ira Shoulson, Parkinson Study Group

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Quantitative analysis of efficacy and associated factors of calcium intake on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. The Dark Matter of Levodopa Pharmacodynamics.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Striatal Dopamine Actions and Movement: Inferences from Parkinson Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Treatment response and disease progression.Translational and clinical pharmacology · 2019
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Pharmacokinetics of RytaryClinical pharmacokinetics · 2017
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Nicholas H G HolfordDepartment of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. n.holford@auckland.ac.nz
Phylinda L S Chan
John G Nutt
Karl Kieburtz
Ira Shoulson
Parkinson Study Group
Parkinson's UK · GBUniversity of Auckland · NZOregon Health & Science University · US

Funding

LEVODOPA PHARMACOKINETICS &PHARMACODYNAMICSR01NS021062 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI NUTT, JOHN G · 1985 to 2008
$1.8M
NINDS NIH HHS R01-NS21062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We have modelled the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores collected in 800 subjects followed for 8 years. Newly diagnosed and previously untreated subjects were initially randomized to treatment with placebo, deprenyl, tocopherol or both and, when clinical disability required, received one or more dopaminergic agents (levodopa (carbidopa/levodopa), bromocriptine, or pergolide). Using models for disease progression and pharmacodynamic models for drug effects we have characterized the changes in UPDRS over time to determine the influence of the various drug treatments. We have confirmed and quantitated the relative symptomatic benefits of the dopaminergic agents and provide model-based evidence for slowing of disease progression.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalAlgorithmsAntiparkinson AgentsBayes TheoremBromocriptineDisease ProgressionDopamine AgonistsDrug Therapy, CombinationHumansLevodopaParkinson DiseasePergolideRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSelegilineTreatment OutcomeAntiparkinson AgentsBromocriptineDopamine AgonistsLevodopaPergolideSelegiline

Identifiers

PMID16625427
OpenAlexW2055244664

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.