SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2006
Adverse effects of antifungal therapies in invasive fungal infections: review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the tolerability and hepatotoxicity of antifungals in empirical and definitive therapy for invasive fungal infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Pooled it
- Antifungal therapy in infants and children with proven, probable or suspected invasive fungal infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010Pooled it
- Liposomal amphotericin B and renal safety: review of the evidence and clinical considerations.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Review
- Emerging Applications of Triazole Antifungal Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Fungal necrotizing otitis externa; challenges in diagnosis and therapy.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Real-World Outcomes of Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion as Salvage Therapy for Invasive Fungal Disease.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Induction of Antifungal Tolerance Reveals Genetic and Phenotypic Changes inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Antifungal Potential of Ozonated Extra-Virgin Olive Oil AgainstBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Toxicity of a novel antifungal agent (ATB1651 gel) in Yucatan minipigsToxicological research · 2024Article
- Green Chemistry andRecent advances in anti-infective drug discovery · 2024Article
- Tailoring and optimization of a honey-based nanoemulgel loaded with an itraconazole-thyme oil nanoemulsion for oral candidiasis.Drug delivery · 2023Article
- Article
- Emerging and re-emerging fungal threats in Africa.Parasite immunology · 2023Review
- Water-Soluble Nystatin and Derivative.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2022Article
- Changing Patterns of Disease Severity in Blastomyces dermatitidis Infection, Quebec, Canada.Emerging infectious diseases · 2021Article
- A Review on Antifungal Efficiency of Plant Extracts Entrenched Polysaccharide-Based Nanohydrogels.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Chlorhexidine Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets: The Impact of Formulation Design on Drug Delivery and Release Kinetics Using Conventional and Novel Dissolution Methods.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Eradicating Fungal Periprosthetic TKA "Super-infection": Review of the Contemporary Literature and Consideration of Antibiotic-Impregnated Dissolving Calcium Sulfate Beads as a Novel PJI Treatment Adjunct.Arthroplasty today · 2021Article
- Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Rare Complication in HIV-Negative Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome in A Chinese Teaching Hospital.Mycopathologia · 2020Article
- Sociodemographic factors associated with patients hospitalised for coccidioidomycosis in California and Arizona, State Inpatient Database 2005-2011.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Republished from
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amphotericin B is the main therapeutic agent for the treatment of invasive fungal infections; however, it is associated with significant toxicities that limit its use. Other systemic antifungal agents have been developed to improve tolerability while maintaining the efficacy profile of conventional amphotericin B. Fifty-four studies involving 9,228 patients were assessed for the frequency of adverse effects of the main systemic antifungal agents. While the results suggest that liposomal amphotericin B is the least nephrotoxic of the lipid formulations (14.6%), that conventional amphotericin B is the most nephrotoxic (33.2%), and that itraconazole is the most hepatotoxic (31.5%), the lack of standard definitions of antifungal-related adverse effects limits the validity of these results. Furthermore, heterogeneous patient pools and differing protocols make it difficult to draw direct comparisons between studies. With the advent of newer classes of systemic antifungal agents, future trials should conform to definitions that are universally applicable and clinically relevant to allow for such comparisons and to enable evidence-based decision-making.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.