ArticleInfection and immunity2006
The ability of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to enter bovine epithelial cells is influenced by preexposure to a hyperosmolar environment and intracellular passage in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the potential virulence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates from cattle in Uganda.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Paratuberculosis: a mucosal immunology perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Individual- and Herd-Level Milk ELISA Test Status and Incidence for Paratuberculosis in Hubei Province, China.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Alginate-Encapsulated Mycobacteriophage: A Potential Approach for the Management of Intestinal Mycobacterial Disease.Viruses · 2023Article
- Modeling Paratuberculosis in Laboratory Animals, Cells, or Tissues: A Focus on Their Applications for Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Vaccines, and Therapy Studies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Bioprospective Role ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Macrophage Proteome Analysis at Different Stages ofProteomes · 2021Article
- Epithelial processed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis induced prolonged Th17 response and suppression of phagocytic maturation in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Inhibition ofThe veterinary quarterly · 2020Article
- Functional analysis of bovine interleukin-10 receptor alpha in response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis lysate using CRISPR/Cas9.BMC genetics · 2020Article
- Review
- Identification ofMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- MAP1203 PromotesFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Pathogenesis, Molecular Genetics, and Genomics ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2017Review
- Increased seroreactivity to proinsulin and homologous mycobacterial peptides in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.PloS one · 2017Article
- NlpC/P60 domain-containing proteins of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis that differentially bind and hydrolyze peptidoglycan.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2016Article
- Advances in nutritional therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases: Review.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016Review
- A Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Predicted Serine Protease Is Associated with Acid Stress and Intraphagosomal Survival.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
- Mycobacterium paratuberculosis as a cause of Crohn's disease.Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2015Review
- Antibodies against invasive phenotype-specific antigens increase Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis translocation across a polarized epithelial cell model and enhance killing by bovine macrophages.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the cause of Johne's disease in cattle and other ruminants. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of the bovine host is not well understood; however, it is assumed that crossing the bovine intestinal mucosa is important in order for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to establish infection. To examine the ability of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to infect bovine epithelial cells in vitro, Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) epithelial cells were exposed to M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. It was observed that bacteria can establish infection and replicate within MDBK cells. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis also has been reported to infect mammary tissue and milk, and we showed that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infects bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cell line). Using polarized MAC-T cell monolayers, it was also determined that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis crosses apical and basolateral surfaces with approximately the same degree of efficiency. Because M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis can be delivered to the naïve host by milk, it was investigated whether incubation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis with milk has an effect on invasion of MDBK cells. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis exposed to milk entered epithelial cells with greater efficiency than M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis exposed to broth medium or water (P < 0.01). Growth of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis within MAC-T cells also resulted in augmented ability to subsequently infect bovine MDBK cells (P < 0.001). Microarray analysis of intracellular M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis RNA indicates the increased transcription of genes which might be associated with an invasive phenotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.