Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
A live, attenuated recombinant West Nile virus vaccine.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 93 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral kinetics of primary dengue virus infection in non-human primates: a systematic review and individual pooled analysis.Virology · 2014Pooled it
- Evervac: phase I/II study of immunogenicity and safety of a new adjuvant-free TBE vaccine cultivated in Vero cell culture.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Development of antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells following live-attenuated chimeric West Nile virus vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to investigate the immunogenicity and safety of a West Nile virus vaccine in healthy adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Markers of innate immune function are associated with vitamin a stores in men.The Journal of nutrition · 2009Trial
- Comparative efficacies of three commercially available vaccines against West Nile Virus (WNV) in a short-duration challenge trial involving an equine WNV encephalitis model.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2007Trial
- Review
- Immunological and transcriptomic profile of chimeric live-attenuated Zika vaccine linked to protection in non-human primates.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Adenoviral Vectors Expressing Optimized preM/E Genes of WNV Deliver Long-Term Protection Against Lethal West Nile Virus Challenge.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Innate immune sensing and vaccine strategies against West Nile virus: role of Toll-like receptors and viral evasion mechanisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Animal Models, Therapeutics, and Vaccine Approaches to Emerging and Re-Emerging Flaviviruses.Viruses · 2024Review
- Motif-VI loop acts as a nucleotide valve in the West Nile Virus NS3 Helicase.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Self-Replicating RNA Derived from the Genomes of Positive-Strand RNA Viruses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of NS4A, NS4B, NS5 and 3'UTR Genetic Determinants of WNV Lineage 1 Virulence in Birds and Mammals.Viruses · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- Antibody-Dependent Enhancement Activity of a Plant-Made Vaccine against West Nile Virus.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Biodistribution and environmental safety of a live-attenuated YF17D-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation.Virulence · 2021Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile (WN) virus is an important cause of febrile exanthem and encephalitis. Since it invaded the U.S. in 1999, >19,000 human cases have been reported. The threat of continued epidemics has spurred efforts to develop vaccines. ChimeriVax-WN02 is a live, attenuated recombinant vaccine constructed from an infectious clone of yellow fever (YF) 17D virus in which the premembrane and envelope genes of 17D have been replaced by the corresponding genes of WN virus. Preclinical tests in monkeys defined sites of vaccine virus replication in vivo. ChimeriVax-WN02 and YF 17D had similar biodistribution but different multiplication kinetics. Prominent sites of replication were skin and lymphoid tissues, generally sparing vital organs. Viruses were cleared from blood by day 7 and from tissues around day 14. In a clinical study, healthy adults were inoculated with 5.0 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU) (n = 30) or 3.0 log10 PFU (n = 15) of ChimeriVax-WN02, commercial YF vaccine (YF-VAX, n = 5), or placebo (n = 30). The incidence of adverse events in subjects receiving the vaccine was similar to that in the placebo group. Transient viremia was detected in 42 of 45 (93%) of ChimeriVax-WN02 subjects, and four of five (80%) of YF-VAX subjects. All subjects developed neutralizing antibodies to WN or YF, respectively, and the majority developed specific T cell responses. ChimeriVax-WN02 rapidly elicits strong immune responses after a single dose, and is a promising candidate warranting further evaluation for prevention of WN disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.