ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2006
Clinically relevant chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance efflux pumps in bacteria.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 474 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
474 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of multidrug efflux pump gene acrAB in Escherichia coli: a systematic review and meta analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Terpenes as bacterial efflux pump inhibitors: A systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Segment-Specific Gut Microbiome and Bile Acid Profiles in Grazing and Stall-Fed Yaks.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Design, Synthesis, Antimycobacterial Evaluation, and In Silico Investigation of Benzisothiazole-Based Hydrazide Derivatives as Potential Anti-Tuberculosis Agents.Chemical biology & drug design · 2026Article
- Genomic analysis of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter hormaechei, and Cupriavidus gilardii isolated from Cacatua alba.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Virulence determinants and multidrug resistance profiles of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus from healthy orthopedic surgical personnel.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Bacterial sensitivity distributions for biocides and metals.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Article
- Emergence, evolution, and global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance: A One Health review.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Mutational analysis of multidrug efflux pump (AcrAB-TolC) in Enterobacter cloacae isolates from clinical samples.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Efflux pump activation confers mupirocin resistance and enhances rhizosphere fitness inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- How resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps contribute to virulence.PLoS pathogens · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Novel Benzo-Annelated 1,4-Dihydropyridines as Potential Inhibitors of Antibacterial Efflux Pumps inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Shotgun Metagenomic Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model Treated with Heat-KilledMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Inferred Mobility-Resolved Resistome Architecture Suggests Recurrent Co-Resistance Modules on a Conserved Chromosomal Backbone in Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characterization of the YCjN ABC Transporter in Escherichia coli: Role in Maltose and Ethidium Bromide Transport.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Genomic landscape of antimicrobial resistance in India: findings from a multi-species surveillance study.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Efflux pumps control intracellular drug-target kinetics by limiting rebinding in bacteria.Science advances · 2026Article
- Virulome-resistome convergence in swine-associated multidrug-resistantFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Plasticity in a bacterial global regulatory switch that drives a shift in antibiotic resistance and virulence.FEMS microbes · 2026Article
- Effect of flavonoids identified in grape pomace extract on efflux pump inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
414 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efflux pump genes and proteins are present in both antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Pumps may be specific for one substrate or may transport a range of structurally dissimilar compounds (including antibiotics of multiple classes); such pumps can be associated with multiple drug (antibiotic) resistance (MDR). However, the clinical relevance of efflux-mediated resistance is species, drug, and infection dependent. This review focuses on chromosomally encoded pumps in bacteria that cause infections in humans. Recent structural data provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of drug transport. MDR efflux pumps contribute to antibiotic resistance in bacteria in several ways: (i) inherent resistance to an entire class of agents, (ii) inherent resistance to specific agents, and (iii) resistance conferred by overexpression of an efflux pump. Enhanced efflux can be mediated by mutations in (i) the local repressor gene, (ii) a global regulatory gene, (iii) the promoter region of the transporter gene, or (iv) insertion elements upstream of the transporter gene. Some data suggest that resistance nodulation division systems are important in pathogenicity and/or survival in a particular ecological niche. Inhibitors of various efflux pump systems have been described; typically these are plant alkaloids, but as yet no product has been marketed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.