ArticleWorld journal of gastroenterology2006
Effect of NaCl and Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin on cytokine expression and viability.
Article in World journal of gastroenterology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conventional and Novel Approaches to Establishing Mouse Models of Gastric Cancer in the Past, Present, and Potential Post-H. Pylori Infection Era.Biological procedures online · 2026Review
- Fucoidan from Sargassum hemiphyllum inhibits infection and inflammation of Helicobacter pylori.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Gastric cancer patients display a distinctive population of IFNgExperimental cell research · 2019Article
- From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role ofOncology letters · 2017Article
- Efficacy of Omega Fatty Acid Supplementation on mRNA Expression Level of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2016Article
- Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation and epigenetic changes during gastric carcinogenesis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- The gap in digestive organ cancers in Inner Mongolia, 2009-2012.Global journal of health science · 2014Article
- Transcriptional profiling of gastric epithelial cells infected with wild type or arginase-deficient Helicobacter pylori.BMC microbiology · 2012Article
- Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: factors that modulate disease risk.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo determine whether Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) regulates release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IL-6) or alters gastric epithelial cell viability and to determine whether NaCl affects these VacA-induced changes.
methodsVacuolating activity was determined by measuring the uptake of neutral red into vacuoles of VacA-treated human gastric epithelial (AGS) cells. AGS cell viability was assessed by direct cell counting. Specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were performed to examine the effects of H pylori VacA and NaCl on cell pro-inflammatory cytokine production in AGS cells. Immunohistochemical staining of gastric tissue from Mongolian gerbils was used to confirm VacA-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and the effects of NaCl on this VacA-induced response.
resultsAddition of VacA alone reduced AGS cell viability (P < 0.05), and this reduction was enhanced by high doses of NaCl (P < 0.05). VacA alone induced expression of TNF-alpha, IL-8 and IL-1beta, while NaCl alone induced expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Changes in mRNA levels in the presence of both VacA and NaCl were more complicated. For the case of TNF-alpha, expression was dose-dependent on NaCl. IL-6 mRNA was not detected. However, low levels of IL-6 were detected by ELISA. Positive immunohistochemical staining of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha was found in gastric tissue of H pylori-infected gerbils fed with either a normal diet or a high salt diet. However, the staining of these three cytokines was stronger in H pylori-infected animals fed with a 5 g/kg NaCl diet.
conclusionVacA decreases the viability of AGS cells, and this effect can be enhanced by NaCl. NaCl also affects the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by VacA, suggesting that NaCl plays an important role in H pylori-induced gastric epithelial cell cytotoxicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.