ArticleBMC microbiology2006
The Bacillus anthracis chromosome contains four conserved, excision-proficient, putative prophages.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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32 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Development of a set of three real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for detection of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax.Folia microbiologica · 2021Article
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- Prophage Activation in the Intestine: Insights Into Functions and Possible Applications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Molecular characterization of B. anthracis isolates from the anthrax outbreak among cattle in Karnataka, India.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Rapid Microscopic Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- A Unique Isolation of a Lytic Bacteriophage InfectedMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- NovelFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Phenetic Comparison of Prokaryotic Genomes Using k-mers.Molecular biology and evolution · 2017Article
- Identification and genomic comparison of temperate bacteriophages derived from emetic Bacillus cereus.PloS one · 2017Article
- Cold adaptation regulated by cryptic prophage excision in Shewanella oneidensis.The ISME journal · 2016Article
- The Role of DNA Restriction-Modification Systems in the Biology of Bacillus anthracis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
- Physiological Function of Rac Prophage During Biofilm Formation and Regulation of Rac Excision in Escherichia coli K-12.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Genome-based identification of active prophage regions by next generation sequencing in Bacillus licheniformis DSM13.PloS one · 2015Article
- Phages preying on Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis: past, present and future.Viruses · 2014Review
- The bifunctional cell wall hydrolase CwlT is needed for conjugation of the integrative and conjugative element ICEBs1 in Bacillus subtilis and B. anthracis.Journal of bacteriology · 2014Article
- In silico and in vitro evaluation of PCR-based assays for the detection of Bacillus anthracis chromosomal signature sequences.Virulence · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBacillus anthracis is considered to be a recently emerged clone within the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group. The B. anthracis genome sequence contains four putative lambdoid prophages. We undertook this study in order to understand whether the four prophages are unique to B. anthracis and whether they produce active phages.
resultsMore than 300 geographically and temporally divergent isolates of B. anthracis and its near neighbors were screened by PCR for the presence of specific DNA sequences from each prophage region. Every isolate of B. anthracis screened by PCR was found to produce all four phage-specific amplicons whereas none of the non-B. anthracis isolates, produced more than one phage-specific amplicon. Excision of prophages could be detected by a PCR based assay for attP sites on extra-chromosomal phage circles and for attB sites on phage-excised chromosomes. SYBR-green real-time PCR assays indicated that prophage excision occurs at very low frequencies (2 x 10(-5) - 8 x 10(-8)/cell). Induction with mitomycin C increased the frequency of excision of one of the prophages by approximately 250 fold. All four prophages appear to be defective since, mitomycin C induced culture did not release any viable phage particle or lyse the cells or reveal any phage particle under electron microscopic examination.
conclusionThe retention of all four putative prophage regions across all tested strains of B. anthracis is further evidence of the very recent emergence of this lineage and the prophage regions may be useful for differentiating the B. anthracis chromosome from that of its neighbors. All four prophages can excise at low frequencies, but are apparently defective in phage production.
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