ReviewThe AAPS journal2006
Viewing chemokines as a third major system of communication in the brain.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemokines in Alzheimer's Disease: Early Defence, Late Damage and the Impact of Sex and Infection.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Review
- Developmental functions of microglia: Impact of psychosocial and physiological early life stress.Neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- CCR5 deficiency: Decreased neuronal resilience to oxidative stress and increased risk of vascular dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- CXCL14 exacerbates seizures by inhibiting GABA metabolism in epileptic mice.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- New insights into the analgesic properties of the XCL1/XCR1 and XCL1/ITGA9 axes modulation under neuropathic pain conditions - evidence from animal studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Cellular, synaptic, and network effects of chemokines in the central nervous system and their implications to behavior.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2021Review
- Interactions of neuroimmune signaling and glutamate plasticity in addiction.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Review
- Cytokine and Chemokine Profile Changes in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection for Choroidal Neovascularization.Drug design, development and therapy · 2021Article
- Phenotyping CCL2 Containing Central Amygdala Neurons Controlling Alcohol Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
- Increased inflammation in BA21 brain tissue from African Americans with Alzheimer's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2020Article
- Entanglement of CCR5 and Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Review
- Ccl2 deficiency protects against chronic renal injury in murine renovascular hypertension.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- An Investigation ofPsychiatry investigation · 2018Article
- Chemokines and cocaine: CXCR4 receptor antagonist AMD3100 attenuates cocaine place preference and locomotor stimulation in rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2017Article
- (Putative) sex differences in neuroimmune modulation of memory.Journal of neuroscience research · 2017Review
- Glial- and Neuronal-Specific Expression of CCL5 mRNA in the Rat Brain.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2017Article
- Parallel Effects of Methamphetamine on Anxiety and CCL3 in Humans and a Genetic Mouse Model of High Methamphetamine Intake.Neuropsychobiology · 2017Article
- CCL5-Glutamate Cross-Talk in Astrocyte-Neuron Communication in Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Persistent adaptation by chronic alcohol is facilitated by neuroimmune activation linked to stress and CRF.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2016Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is irrefutable proof that opioids and other classes of centrally acting drugs have profound effects on the immune system. Evidence is mounting that products of the immune system, such as chemokines, can reciprocally alter the actions of these drugs and the endogenous ligands for their receptors. Chemokines are a family of small (8 to 12 kDa) proteins involved in cellular migration and intercellular communication. With a few exceptions, they act on more than one receptor. Although the chemokines and their G protein-coupled receptors are located in both glia and neurons throughout the brain, they are not uniformly distributed. They are found in such brain areas as the hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, limbic system, hippocampus, thalamus, cortex, and cerebellum. Among the chemokines differentially localized in brain neurons and glia are CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL12/SDF-1alpha, CX3CL1/fractalkine, CXCL10/IP 10, CCL3/MIP-1alpha, and CCL5/RANTES. Functional roles for the chemokine system, composed of the chemokine ligands and their receptors, have been suggested in brain development and heterologous desensitization. The system can alter the actions of neuronally active pharmacological agents such as opioids and cannabinoids and interact with neurotransmitter systems. In this review, we propose that the endogenous chemokine system in the brain acts in concert with the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems to govern brain function. It can thus be thought of as the third major system in the brain.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.